Development of pointed-mouth slit for neutron engineering material diffractometer at China Spallation Neutron Source
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摘要: 中国散裂中子源（CSNS）工程材料中子衍射谱仪（EMD）的样品非常大，且形状各异，有些样品甚至是曲面的，中子准直光阑（狭缝）要靠近这些异形构件，需要设计成尖嘴型。狭缝的主要作用是给样品测试提供所需要的束流尺寸，并保证束流尺寸精度很高，束流没有太多杂散中子。工程材料中子衍射谱仪的尖嘴型狭缝为连续型，开口可以根据实验需求进行变化。狭缝采用双导轨结构，定位精度高，重复定位精度优于10 μm，绝对定位精度优于30 μm。狭缝刀片采用富集碳化硼，较大程度减小了刀片的厚度，可以有效降低狭缝悬臂结构的变形量，保证狭缝有足够长度的尖嘴，能够接近异形构件，特别能够深入到长管内部，提高了工程材料中子衍射谱仪的实验能力。狭缝采取双重安全设计：导轨互换系统和防撞结构，可以有效防止狭缝在使用过程中被大件样品撞坏。该狭缝已经应用到中国散裂中子源工程材料中子衍射谱仪的实验测试，为残余应力测量做出了重要贡献，它的应用为国内外尖嘴型狭缝的设计提供了非常重要的参考。Abstract: The samples of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) Engineering Material Diffraction Spectrometer (EMD) are very large and have different shapes. The neutron collimation aperture needs to be designed as a pointed-mouth slit to be close to these abnormal components. The main function of the pointed-mouth slit is to provide the beam size is needed by the sample experiment, and ensure that the beam size has high accuracy. The pointed-mouth slit is continuous, and it can be changed according to the experimental requirements. The blade uses enriched boron carbide, which can reduce the deformation of the slit cantilever structure. The slit has a very long mouth, which can approach the special-shaped components and enter into the long tubes. The deformation problem of the cantilever was simulated and analyzed using finite element software. The slit adopts a dual safety design, which can effectively prevent from being damaged by large samples. This slit has been applied to the CSNS engineering material spectrometer. It has made remarkable contributions to residual stress measurement. The application of this slit provides a very important reference for the design of the pointed-mouth slits.
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图 1 狭缝尺寸与测量体积关系示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the relationship between slit size and measured volume
图 2 美国散裂中子源VULCAN的尖嘴型狭缝示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the pointed-mouth slit of SNS-VULCAN
图 5 尖嘴型狭缝结构设计示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram for the design of a pointed mouth slit structure
表 1 计算结果
Table 1. Calculation results
Sx/mm $ {\alpha }_{x,y} $/(°) Sz/mm $ \mathit{\Delta}_x $/mm 1 0.2 10 1.000 033 1 0.2 30 1.000 899 1 0.2 50 1.004 147 1 0.2 70 1.011 299 1 0.2 100 1.032 262 
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表 2 不同厚度富集碳化硼中子透过率计算结果
Table 2. Calculation results of neutron transmittance of boron carbide with different thicknesses
thickness/mm transmittance 1 4.94×10−5 2 2.44×10−9 3 1.20×10−13 4 4.91×10−18
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