Dynamics of asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse mode-locking
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摘要: 设计了基于双峰滤波的掺铒全光纤激光模型，开展了异步双波长脉冲锁模动力学特性的数值模拟研究。以同一噪声作为初始条件，分别将增益光纤饱和能量设置为15、40、55 pJ，模拟结果表明：噪声最终分别演化成为单波长脉冲锁模、异步双波长脉冲锁模、孤子分子形式的异步双波长脉冲锁模，其中异步双波长脉冲生成的演化过程经历噪声脉冲、多脉冲锁模与增益竞争、稳定的异步双波长脉冲锁模3个阶段；增益光纤饱和能量的大小直接决定脉冲在增益竞争中的演化方向。脉冲碰撞过程中互相位调制作用引起的脉冲频率移动，导致时域脉冲时间抖动。Abstract: An erbium-doped all-fiber laser model based on dual-peak filter was designed, and the numerical simulation of the dynamic characteristics of asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse mode-locking was carried out. Using the same noise as the initial condition, and setting the saturation energy of the gain fiber to 15 pJ, 40 pJ and 55 pJ, respectively, the simulation results show that the noise finally evolves into single-wavelength pulse mode-locking, asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse mode-locking, and asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse mode-locking in the form of soliton molecules, in which the evolution process of asynchronous dual-wavelength pulses goes through three stages: noise pulse generation, multi-pulse mode-locking and gain competition, and stable asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse mode-locking. Besides, the saturation energy of the gain fiber directly determines the evolution direction of the pulse in the gain competition, and the pulse frequency shifts caused by cross-phase modulation during the pulse collision process result in the time domain pulse time jitter.
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图 1 环形激光器模型的结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the structure of the ring laser model
图 2 Esat=40 pJ时Ⅰ到Ⅲ阶段的异步双波长脉冲演化过程
Figure 2. Evolution of asynchronous dual-wavelength pulses in stages I to III at Esat=40 pJ
图 3 Esat=15 pJ时的异步双波长脉冲演化过程
Figure 3. Asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse evolution at Esat=15 pJ
图 4 Esat=55 pJ时Ⅰ到Ⅲ阶段的异步双波长脉冲演化过程
Figure 4. Asynchronous dual-wavelength pulse evolution in stages I to III at Esat=55 pJ
图 5 Esat=40 pJ时双波长脉冲碰撞过程的光谱演化
Figure 5. Spectral evolution of the collision process of dual-wavelength pulses at Esat=40 pJ
表 1 环形激光器模型相关参数
Table 1. Parameters related to the ring laser model
length/m gain coefficient/(dB·m−1) dispersion parameter β2/(ps2·km−1) nonlinear coefficient/(W·km) transmittance Er-doped fiber 1 5 −20.6 3 Gaussian, 40 nm SMF 1 0 −23 3 — output coupler — — — — 80% saturable absorber — — — — 1−0.7/(1+I/Isat) HI1060 0.5 0 −7 3 — spectral filter — — — — dual-peak, 4 nm 
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表 2 不同Esat条件下的脉冲特性
Table 2. Pulse characteristics with different Esat
Esat/pJ pulse width/ps spectral width/nm peak power/W pulse energy/pJ 1534 nm1566 nm1534 nm1566 nm1534 nm1566 nm1534 nm1566 nm15 0.42 — 6.88 — 188.01 — 87.28 — 40 0.33 0.36 8.02 8.11 245.45 254.33 100.65 100.65 15 to 40 0.30, 0.30 — 8.12 — 256.12，256.12 — 201.34 — 55 0.36, 0.36 0.36 7.41 7.65 234.23，233.70 233.72 193.23 96.59
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