Optimal wire-array design for underwater electrical wire explosion based on parallel-series wire-array and discharge similarity
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摘要: 为提高水中金属丝电爆炸（水中丝爆）产生的冲击波，将多根丝并联形成丝阵负载，但此方法会降低负载电阻导致沉积功率低。为解决这一问题，通过电流“换向件”设计了总质量不变前提下、整体电阻可变的多种串并联丝阵，提出负载与电源内阻动态匹配是理想放电模式。借助串并联丝阵验证了单丝放电相似性，实现了高电压大装置的小型化验证。通过放电相似性和串并联丝阵，提出水中丝爆丝阵负载优化设计方法，实现了给定能量和金属丝质量下最优负载确定方法。Abstract: To enhance the shock wave generated by underwater electrical wire explosion(UEWE), wires are connected in parallel to form wire-array, but wire-array’s low resistance results in low deposition power. To solve the problem, by using copper sheets, parallel-series wire-arrays with different resistance and same mass were designed, and it was proposed that resistance matching between wire-array and power source is the ideal discharge mode. By parallel-series wire-array, single wire discharge similarity was verified, and miniaturization verification of large devices with high voltage was achieved. With the help of discharge similarity and parallel-series wire-array, the optimal wire-array design of UEWE was proposed at a given energy and wire mass.
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图 4 冲击波幅值随充电电压和连接方式变化
Figure 4. Shock wave generated by different initial voltage and wire-array connection
图 5 各相变起始时刻丝阵电阻与电源内阻的比值
Figure 5. Rate of different wire-array resistance and power source resistance in different states
图 6 单丝放电和丝阵放电的电流、电压和压力波形比较
Figure 6. Comparison of current, voltage and pressure between single wire and wire in wire-array at different wire length
表 1 不同储能下不同丝阵的电爆炸冲击波峰值
Table 1. Shock wave generated by different stored energy and wire-array connection
initial voltage/kV stored energy/J shock wave/MPa P1S8 P2S4 P4S2 P8S1 15 56 3.2 8.1 1.9 ～0 20 100 8.7 16.3 11.0 0.67 25 156 12.0 20.1 17.0 11.00 30 225 13.0 23.0 30.0 22.00 
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表 2 不同状态下四种丝阵的电阻
Table 2. Resistance of four wire-arrays at different states
state resistance/Ω P1S8 P2S4 P4S2 P8S1 room temperature 0.36 0.09 0.023 0.0056 melting started 2.0 0.5 0.13 0.032 melting completed 3.9 1.0 0.24 0.060 vaporization started 5.4 1.3 0.33 0.084 vaporization completed 126 32 7.9 2.0
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