Bubble-free and precise temperature control system of insulating coolant for photoconductive switch with repetition frequency
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摘要: 光导开关连续工作在长脉宽、高重频工况时，由于存在一定的导通电阻，开关内部热沉积现象较严重，容易导致光导开关的热损伤和热击穿，严重影响光导开关的使用寿命。因此必须对高功率光导开关进行有效散热。常规冷却循环系统采用循环泵泵出方式对物体进行冷却，存在冷却介质在循环过程中压力过高或过低的问题，使物体冷却不均匀，极易导致物体损坏；此外，循环泵的桨叶循环过程中会产生气泡，使光导开关绝缘强度下降，导致沿面闪络击穿。针对此问题，研制了一套基于负压吸引机制消除气泡、双回路系统实现精确控温的冷却系统，实现了光导开关的良好散热，实现了光导开关在工作电压11 kV、输出电流560 A、脉宽55 ns、重复频率1 kHz条件下寿命达到106次，大幅度提高了光导开关寿命。Abstract: When the photoconductive switch operates continuously under the working conditions of long pulse width and high repetition frequency, due to the existence of a certain conduction resistance, the thermal deposition phenomenon inside the switch is relatively serious, which is likely to cause thermal damage and thermal breakdown of the photoconductive switch, seriously affecting the service life of the photoconductive switch. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively dissipate heat from the high-power photoconductive switch. The conventional cooling circulation system uses the method of pumping out by a circulation pump to cool the object. There are problems such as too high or too low pressure of the cooling medium during the circulation process, resulting in uneven cooling of the object, which is extremely likely to cause damage to the object. In addition, the impeller of the circulation pump will generate bubbles during the circulation process, reducing the insulation strength of the photoconductive switch and leading to flashover breakdown along the surface. To address this issue, this paper has developed a cooling system that eliminates bubbles based on the negative pressure suction mechanism and achieves precise temperature control through a dual-loop system. This system has achieved good heat dissipation for the photoconductive switch. Under the conditions of a working voltage of 11 kV, an output current of 560 A, a pulse width of 55 ns, and a repetition frequency of 1 kHz, the service life of the photoconductive switch has reached 106 times, significantly increasing the service life of the photoconductive switch.
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Key words:
- Photoconductive switch /
- pump /
- dual circuit system /
- vacuum aspiration
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图 1 精确控温冷却系统示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of precise temperature control cooling system
图 3 GaAs PCSS在直流电压15 kV条件下的焦耳热分布图
Figure 3. Distributing of joule for GaAs PCSS with voltage of 15 kV
图 4 GaAs PCSS在空气和电子氟化液中电场分布图
Figure 4. Distributing of electric field of GaAs PCSS under air (a) and fluorinert electronic liquid (b)
图 6 GaAs PCSS置于循环冷却的电子氟化液中的热场(a)及液流出口温度分布图(b)
Figure 6. Distributing of temperature for GaAs PCSS under precise temperature control cooling system with fluorinert electronic liquid (a) and export (b)
图 8 光导开关1 kHz重频输出电压和电流波形
Figure 8. Output voltage and current waveforms of photoconductive switches under 1 kHz repetition frequency
表 1 不同流量和温度下光导开关寿命结果对比
Table 1. Comparison of life for the photoconductive switches at different flow rates and temperature
temperature (℃) flow rate (L/h) life of PCCS (shock number) 6.6 80 5×103 2.0 70 6×104 −2.9 65.4 1.8×105 −7.0 61.2 3×105 −11.5 55.3 3×105 110 1×106 −16.1 49.1 5×103 
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