Simulation and experimental characteristics of supersonic center ejector
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摘要: 与真空罐系统相比，超声速引射技术在化学激光器压力恢复方面有着显著优势，其中超声速中心引射器由于总压损失更小引射潜力更大。对超声速中心引射器流动特性分别进行了数值仿真与试验研究。结果表明：对于带收缩型混合室的超声速中心引射器，尽管其更易达到工作状态，然而在固定引射系数且以维持较低盲腔压力条件下，前者并不优于等直型引射器。在变引射系数（固定二次流质量流率）条件下，混合室面积缩比每提高0.05，一次流质量流率约提高0.3 kg/s才能使其达到临界启动状态。超声速引射器在临界启动状态时整体引射性能达到最高。在抽盲腔能力方面，单级超声速中心型引射器明显强于其他类型引射器，最低可达1.3 kPa。Abstract: Compared with high-pressure gas tanks, supersonic injection technology has significant advantages in pressure recovery of chemical laser weapons. Among them, the supersonic center injector has greater injection potential due to its smaller total pressure loss. Simulation and experimental studies were conducted on the supersonic center injector. The results show that for the supersonic center injector with a contraction-type mixing chamber, although it is easier to reach the working state, it is not superior to the straight-type injector under the condition of fixed injection coefficient and maintaining a lower blind cavity pressure. Under the condition of variable injection coefficient (fixed secondary mass flow rate), for every 0.05 increase in the area contraction ratio of the mixing chamber, the primary mass flow rate needs to be increased by approximately 0.3 kg/s to reach the critical start-up state. The overall injection performance of the supersonic injector reaches its highest when it is at the critical start-up state. In terms of blind cavity extraction capability, the single-stage supersonic center injector is significantly superior to other types of injectors, with a minimum of 1.3kPa achievable.
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图 3 壁面静压分布试验与仿真对比
Figure 3. Comparison between experimental and simulated wall static pressure distribution
图 4 不同混合室面积缩比下的激波串位置数值纹影图
Figure 4. Numerical schlieren plots of shock train positions under different mixing chamber area reduction ratios
表 1 不同收缩比下增压比发展
Table 1. Development of Boost Ratio under Different Shrinkage Ratios
Shrinkage
ratiototal pressure at the secondary
outlet (Pa)back pressure at the
outlet (Pa)pressure increase
ratio0.60 15193 99783 6.57 0.65 14902 100278 6.73 0.70 14586 99573 6.83 0.75 14369 99833 6.95 0.80 14145 99779 7.05 
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表 2 仿真工况设置
Table 2. Simulation Condition Settings
Boundary mass flow rate/(kg/s) temperature/(K) pressure/(kPa) One flow inlet 3.40～4.70 300 3400 Secondary inlet 0.72 300 11 Export − − 100
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表 3 超声速引射器启动时盲腔压力
Table 3. Blind chamber pressure during startup of ultrasonic injector
Ejector type Primary flow starting pressure/（MPa） Blind chamber pressure/(KPa) Central ejection-contraction 2.6 1.3 Central ejection 3.3 1.4 Two structure ejection 3.8 4.1 Four structure ejection 5.0 4.0
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