Development and application of synchronous timing system with sub-nanosecond delay resolution for accelerator devices
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摘要: 针对中国散裂中子源二期（China Spallation Neutron Source Phase II, CSNS-II）加速器众多预研设备的调试及离线运行需求，自主设计并研制了一套基于“高精度脉冲发生器+低抖动光纤传输链路”的同步时序系统，为各预研设备提供精准且符合物理设计需求的工作时序信号。在同步时序系统硬件方面，研制了具有高性价比的多功能时序信号总控板卡和终端接收板卡，实现了时序信号的严格同步和低抖动传输。同时，采用“超高速双向点对点数据传输+千兆多模SFP光模块”方案，实现基于高速串行传输链路的板间级联，以扩展输出通道数量。在同步时序系统上位机软件方面，采用“串口服务器 + PC soft IOC”方式实现了多功能时序信号总控板卡与实验物理与工业控制系统（Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System, EPICS）之间的数据交互机制，实现远程精确配置同步时序信号的频率、延时、脉宽等参数。同步时序系统已成功投入CSNS-II加速器射频离子源等关键预研设备的调试和运行，并在长期运行中表现出稳定可靠的性能。此外，与商业产品相比，该同步时序系统在软硬件设计方面具备灵活性强、抗干扰能力高和通用性好的优点，为国内外粒子加速器设备的同步时序系统设计与实现提供了切实可行的技术参考。Abstract: In response to the timing requirements for the commissioning and offline operation of many pre-research equipments at the China Spallation Neutron Source Phase II (CSNS-II), a synchronous timing system has been designed and developed independently based on “high-precision timing generator + low-jitter fiber optical transmission link”, which provides accurate triggers for the pre-research equipments in accordance with the physical design requirements. The hardware mainly consists of with cost-effective master boards and terminal boards, which realize strict synchronization and low-jitter transmission. Meanwhile, the master board has the ability to expand the number of output channels by using multimode optical fiber to realize the cascade connection of the hardware boards through high-speed serial transmission links; the upper software adopts adopts the method of "Serial Server + PC soft IOC" to realise the data interaction mechanism between the master board and Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), which can accurately configure the frequency, delay, pulse width and other parameters remotely. The synchronous timing system has been successfully used in the commissioning and operation of key pre-research equipments such as the radio frequency ion source of the CSNS-II, which has been operated stably and reliably for a long period of time. In addition, compared with commercial products, the synchronous timing system has the advantages of flexible design, strong anti-interference capability, and high versatility, which can provide a practical technical reference for the design and realisation of synchronous timing system for particle accelerator equipment at home and abroad.
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Key words:
- synchronous /
- FPGA /
- sub-nanosecond /
- high availability
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图 1 直线chopper电源和RCS引出kicker电源时序示意图
Figure 1. Structure diagram of timing system for chopper and kicker
图 4 高性能有源晶振的PCB处理示意图及阻抗仿真结果
Figure 4. Diagram of PCB processing for high-performance active crystal oscillators
图 8 基于高速串行传输的时序同步方案示意图
Figure 8. Diagram of timing synchronization scheme based on high-speed serial transmission
图 9 基于高速串行传输的同步信号性能测试
Figure 9. Performance of synchronous signals based on high-speed serial transmission
图 10 同步时序系统现场安装、功能测试及与各设备联调
Figure 10. Installation and commissioning of the timing system
图 11 射频离子源实验室平台的束流发射度测量
Figure 11. Emittance measurements on RF ion source laboratory platforms
表 1 射频离子源时序需求表
Table 1. Requirement of triggers for the RF Ion Source
frequency
setting/Hzjitter of trigger
signals/nsdelay range of
trigger signals/sdelay adjustment length
of trigger signalspulse width range
of trigger signals/spulse width adjustment
length of trigger signals1, 5, 25, 50 ＜1 0～2 10 ns, 1 μs, 1 ms 0～2 10 ns, 1 μs, 1 ms 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 直线chopper电源和RCS引出kicker电源时序信号需求表
Table 2. Requirement of triggers for the RCS kicker and chopper
signal frequency/MHz transmission type transmission jitter/ns step of signal width/ns step of signal delay/ns 1.02 optical-fiber ＜1 1 1
下载: 导出CSV
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