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不同型号的石墨耐强流电子束轰击性能的研究

程军 刘文元 吴平 柯昌凤 霍艳坤 何亚姣 孙钧

程军, 刘文元, 吴平, 等. 不同型号的石墨耐强流电子束轰击性能的研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.240288
引用本文: 程军, 刘文元, 吴平, 等. 不同型号的石墨耐强流电子束轰击性能的研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.240288
Cheng Jun, Liu Wenyuan, Wu Ping, et al. Study on resistance to high current electron beam bombardment of different types of graphite[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.240288
Citation: Cheng Jun, Liu Wenyuan, Wu Ping, et al. Study on resistance to high current electron beam bombardment of different types of graphite[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.240288

不同型号的石墨耐强流电子束轰击性能的研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.240288
基金项目: 先进高功率微波技术重点实验室基金资助项目( Z091230302)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    程 军,chengjun@nint.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    刘文元,liuwenyuan@nint.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: TG142

Study on resistance to high current electron beam bombardment of different types of graphite

  • 摘要: 石墨因组成元素的原子序数较低、熔点极高、导热性能优异、化学稳定性高及抗热冲击能力较强等诸多优点, 已成为相对论返波管中关键部件收集极的首选材料。对4种具有代表性的高纯石墨及其各自碳化钛涂层改性材料作为强流电子束二极管中的阳极进行了耐强流电子束性能考核。结果表明,4种石墨在电压为860 kV、电流为11 kA、脉宽为40 ns的电子束轰击下二极管的电流表现出明显的差异,石墨4#即使电子束脉冲作用167次,电流曲线也未表现出明显异常,而其他三种石墨的电流曲线均出现不同程度的尾蚀。通过石墨表面碳化钛涂层的烧蚀实验进一步验证了石墨的差异性,表明石墨的热导率对其抗烧蚀性能具有重要的影响。石墨的热导率越高,碳化钛熔融析出再结晶程度越低,说明石墨的抗烧蚀性能越好。石墨4#具有优异的耐电子束轰击性能,在相对论返波管收集极领域具有重要的应用前景。
  • 图  1  四种石墨在电子束作用过程中二极管电压(蓝色线)、电流(红色线)曲线

    Figure  1.  Diode voltage (blue line) and current (red line) curves during the process of electron beam interaction with four types of graphite

    图  2  四种石墨在电子束作用前后的微观形貌图

    Figure  2.  Microscopic morphology images of four types of graphite before and after exposure to electron beams

    图  3  石墨在167个脉冲电子束作用过程中的二极管电压(蓝色线)、电流(红色线)曲线

    Figure  3.  Diode voltage (blue line) and current (red line) curves during the interaction of graphite with 167 pulses of electron beams

    图  4  石墨2#/1 μm TiC涂层靶片在电子束作用后的微观形貌(a)及电子作用区域示意图(b)

    Figure  4.  Microscopic morphology images of graphite 2#/1 μm TiC coating target after electron beam interaction (a) and schematic diagram of electron interaction regions (b). (c)~(f) are images of the enlarged regions in (a)

    图  5  不同石墨/TiC涂层在电子集中作用区域的微观形貌及微观结构示意图

    Figure  5.  Microscopic morphology images and schematic diagrams of microstructures for different graphite/TiC coatings in the center regions of electron beam interaction

    表  1  不同型号石墨的物理参数

    Table  1.   Physical parameters of different graphite

    type density/
    (g·cm−3)
    resistivity/
    (10−5 Ω·m)
    bending
    strength/GPa
    compressive
    strength /GPa
    thermal expansion
    coefficient/(10−6 K−1)
    thermal conductivity/
    (W·m−1·K−1)
    graphite 1# 1.89 1.88 72 147 8.09 70
    graphite 2# 1.91 1.46 80 160 5.50 65
    graphite 3# 1.84 1.76 100 148 5.25 95
    graphite 4# 1.91 1.18 85 140 5.11 120
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同石墨物理参数的影响

    Table  2.   Effects of physical parameters of different graphite

    influencing factor reference graphite type
    (resistance to electron beam bombardment)
    whether it is main
    influencing factor
    influence
    1#
    (poor)
    2#
    (medium)
    3#
    (good)
    4#
    (excellent)
    density no
    resistivity no
    bending strength no
    compressive strength no
    thermal expansion coefficient yes the greater coefficient of thermal expansion,
    the greater risk of particle shedding
    thermal conductivity yes the higher thermal conductivity, the better
    resistance to electron beam bombardment
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-08-27
  • 修回日期:  2024-12-06
  • 录用日期:  2024-12-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-12-18

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