A post-positioned gas main switch pulse generator based on glycerol pulse forming line and variable impedance transmission line
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摘要: 采用气体主开关后置的结构，研制了一台基于甘油介质脉冲形成线和变阻抗传输线结构的脉冲驱动源。该驱动源由气体开关、Tesla变压器、双螺旋Blumlein线、变阻抗传输线和负载构成。论文就共外筒的双螺旋Blumlein线和变阻抗传输线的绝缘耐压技术设计，以及开关不同位置对驱动源输出波形的影响等内容进行分析和研究。通过理论分析、仿真模拟、结构优化和实验研究等方法，对驱动源的结构设计、绝缘耐压和负载匹配等关键性问题进行处理，从而提高了驱动源整体的紧凑化和小型化水平。实验结果表明，该驱动源可在50 Ω的负载上输出峰值电压177 kV、脉冲宽度101.4 ns的准方波脉冲信号。Abstract: A pulse generator based on pulse forming line and variable impedance transmission line of glycerol medium is studied. The generator is composed of a gas main switch at its rear, a Tesla transformer, a double helix Blumlein line, a variable impedance transmission line and a load. This paper mainly researches the design of insulation and voltage resistance technology of the double helix Blumlein line and the variable impedance transmission line in the common outer cylinder, and the influence of switch position on the output waveform of the generator. Through theoretical analysis, simulation, structural optimization and experimental research, key problems such as structural design, insulation and voltage resistance and load matching are solved. Thus, the compactness and miniaturization of the driving source are improved. The experimental results show that the high power pulse generator can realize quasi-square wave pulse signal with the output peak voltage of 177 kV, the output pulse width of 101.4 ns on the load of 50 Ω.
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图 1 脉冲驱动源整体结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of overall structure of the pulse generator
图 4 双螺旋Blumlein线结构示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the double helix Blumlein pulse line
图 6 主开关安装在不同位置的结构示意图
Figure 6. Structure diagram of the main switch installed in different positions
图 7 主开关安装在不同位置的仿真结构图
Figure 7. Simulation structure diagram of the main switch installed in different positions
图 8 脉冲驱动源气体主开关位置对输出波形的影响
Figure 8. Influence of gas main switch position on output waveform
图 9 双螺旋Blumlein线的仿真结构图
Figure 9. Simulation structure diagram of the double helix Blumlein line
图 10 双螺旋Blumlein线和变阻抗传输线的仿真结构图
Figure 10. Simulation structure diagram of the double helix Blumlein line and variable impedance transmission line
图 12 脉冲驱动源高压典型输出波形
Figure 12. Typical output waveforms of the pulse generator at high voltage
表 1 开关主要结构参数
Table 1. Main structural parameters of the switch
(cm) gap length high electrode
external radiuslow electrode
inner radiusshell radius connecting conductor length
of high electrode and BPFL2.2 3.5 1.25 11.35 8.1 
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表 2 不同开关位置的仿真结果
Table 2. Results of simulations of different switch position
switch rising edge/ns FWHM/ns peak voltage/V peak-peak jitter/% energy efficiency/% power density/(kW·m−3) structure 1 34.692 107.55 216 4.9 66.96 15.87 structure 2 25.419 103.19 206 17.46 64 13.37 structure 3 25.216 102.23 203 15.41 62.95 9.23
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表 3 双螺旋Blumlein线和变阻抗传输线仿真结果
Table 3. Results of simulations of double helix Blumlein line and variable impedance transmission line
peak voltage/V matched impedance/% power/W power density/(kW·m−3) double helix Blumlein line 179.3 50 642.97 21.65 variable impedance transmission line 213.2 50 852.85 19.38
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