Performance evaluation and disinfection effect of high-power electron accelerators
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摘要: 为考察高功率电子加速器是否达到设计指标性能和消毒效果，利用标准规定的方法和程序对高功率电子加速器的性能进行了测试和评价，探究了该电子加速器输出电子束对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、短小芽孢杆菌和新型冠状病毒等微生物的灭活效果，同时考察了不同材质负载对于杀灭效果的影响。该电子加速器可以输出能量10.27 MeV、功率25 kW的高能电子束，束流扫描不均匀度为4.1%，并且对于模拟材料具有一定的穿透能力；电子束对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、短小芽孢杆菌等微生物的消毒效果均能达到3个对数值及以上，并且穿透一定厚度负载材料后对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、短小芽孢杆菌及枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的消毒效果均能达到杀灭3个对数值及以上。设计的电子加速器性能指标达标，同时具备一定的穿透能力，对研究微生物的消毒效果达标。Abstract: To observe whether the high-power electron accelerator achieves the design index performance and disinfection effect, the performance of the high-power electron accelerator using the methods and procedures specified in the standard was tested and evaluated, and the inactivation effect of the electron beam output from the electron accelerator on microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, coronavirus, was explored. At the same time, examined how different material loads affected the inactivation efficiency. The high-power electron accelerator, can output a high-energy electron beam with an energy of 10.27 MeV and a power of 25 kW and it was found to have a certain level of penetration capability for surrogate materials. The electron beam achieves a disinfection effect of 3 log reductions or higher against microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and coronaviruses. After penetrating a certain thickness of load material, the electron beam can still achieve a disinfection effect of 3 log reductions or higher against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis (black variant) spores. The designed electron accelerator meets the performance specifications and has a certain level of penetration capacity, effectively achieving the required disinfection effect against the studied microorganisms.
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Key words:
- electron accelerator /
- irradiation /
- disinfection /
- microbe /
- biosafety
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图 1 聚苯乙烯楔形块电子束能量测试示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of energy test using polystyrene wedge
图 3 模拟材料与剂量计交替叠层布置示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of alternating stacking of simulation materials and dosimeters
图 6 不同模拟材料质量深度-剂量分布结果与理论模拟结果对比
Figure 6. Comparison of mass thickness dose distribution results of different simulated materials with theoretical simulation outcomes
图 7 不同模拟材料中随厚度变化的剂量分布
Figure 7. Dose distribution with thickness in different simulated materials
图 8 电子束对微生物的杀灭剂量关系
Figure 8. Relationship between the disinfection dose of electron beam on microorganisms
表 1 电子束能量测量结果
Table 1. Measurement results of electron beam energy
E1/MeV E2/MeV E3/MeV E4/MeV E5/MeV Eav/MeV ΔE/ Eav 10.06 10.22 10.34 10.44 10.30 10.27 1% 
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表 2 平均束流强度测量结果
Table 2. Measurement results of average electron beam intensity
Ie1/mA Ie2/mA Ie3/mA Ie4/mA Ie5/mA Ieav/mA ΔIe/Ieav 2.49 2.45 2.44 2.42 2.42 2.44 1.2%
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表 3 表面不均匀度测试结果汇总表
Table 3. Measurement results of electron beam scanning uniformity
Ux1 Ux2 Ux3 Ux4 Ux5 Uxav 4.1% 4.2% 4.2% 3.8% 4.2% 4.1%
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表 4 电子束对一定厚度负载材料微生物的杀灭效果
Table 4. Disinfection effect of electron beam on microorganisms in materials with certain thickness
material (thickness) average killing logarithm value Bacillus subtilis var.niger Bacillus pumilus Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli corrugated board (10.6 cm) 4.15 4.64 4.51 4.57 PVC expansion sheet (10 cm) 3.04 3.68 6.30 4.57
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