Nuclear reaction driven by near-field induced electrical explosion and its application in smart neutron source
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摘要: 介绍了一种小型化高通量中子源系统的工作原理、组成与构型，系统性地介绍了开发该型中子源系统所需的压电脉冲功率源技术、核反应设计技术、球形电磁场发生技术、粒子近距加速技术、粒子极化与共振对撞技术。研发了完整的中子源实物系统并对其进行能谱和通量测试，实验中观测到了预期的物理现象，通过在线与离线中子测试方法证明了核反应的发生，测试结果显示直径2 cm、长度为4 cm的新式微型中子源的中子辐射通量达到了1010 n/(cm2·s)水平，属于强中子辐射源。Abstract: In this paper, the working principle, composition and configuration of a miniaturized high-throughput neutron source system are introduced. This paper systematically introduces the piezoelectric pulse power source technology, nuclear reaction design technology, spherical electromagnetic field generation technology, particle proximity acceleration technology, particle polarization and resonance collision technology required for the development of this neutron source system. A complete neutron source physical system was developed and tested for energy spectrum and flux. The expected physical phenomena were observed in the experiments, and the occurrence of nuclear reactions was proved by online and offline neutron measurement methods, and the test results showed that the neutron radiation flux of the new miniature neutron source with a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 4 cm reached the level of 1010 n/(cm2·s), which belongs to strong neutron radiation source.
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Key words:
- neutron source /
- pulse power /
- nuclear reaction /
- particle acceleration /
- particle polarization /
- resonance
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图 1 压电式脉冲功率源电气原理及输出功率与脉宽关系
Figure 1. The electrical principle of piezoelectric pulse power source and the relationship between output power and pulse width
图 2 球形感应场与核反应装置构型
Figure 2. Spherical induction field and nuclear reactor configuration
图 3 电爆炸鞘层场加速原理及质子加速模拟曲线
Figure 3. The principle of field acceleration of the sheath of an electric explosion and the simulation curve of proton acceleration
图 4 等离子体色散特性与极化共振放大效应
Figure 4. Plasma dispersion characteristics and polarization resonance amplification effect
图 5 反应装置与压电式脉冲功率源样机
Figure 5. Prototype of reaction device and piezoelectric pulse power source
图 7 球形电磁场及球形等离子体光学图像
Figure 7. Spherical electromagnetic field and spherical plasma optical image
图 8 质子群极化过程及回旋共振光谱图像
Figure 8. Proton population polarization process and cyclotron resonance spectroscopic image
图 11 中子活化及CR39径迹片处理结果
Figure 11. Neutron activation and CR39 track chip processing results
图 12 质子束在锂靶中的穿深SEM（电镜）扫描结果
Figure 12. Depth SEM (electron microscopy) scan results of a proton beam in a lithium target
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