Analysis of spatio-temporal coupling aberrations introduced by achromatic lens assembly tuning errors in ultrafast and ultra intense laser systems
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摘要: 在超快超强激光系统中，通常会使用消色差透镜组代替普通的扩束透镜，以消除后者自身存在的色差导致的脉冲激光的“空-时”耦合（STCs）畸变。然而，消色差透镜组对装调精度要求非常高，装调误差的存在会引入新的“空-时”耦合畸变，使脉冲激光的远场功率密度下降，达不到预期的消色差效果。针对工程实践中常见的几种消色差透镜组装调误差，详细分析了其引入的“空-时”耦合畸变，并且根据其对远场聚焦功率密度的影响给出了不同种类装调误差的容许范围。分析过程采用了宽光谱脉冲激光传输演化模型及厚透镜等效位相屏演化模型，该模型可以精确地表征激光近远场的“空-时”特性。Abstract: In ultrafast high-power laser systems, achromatic lens groups are typically used to replace standard beam expanders to eliminate spatio-temporal coupling (STC) distortions caused by chromatic aberrations. However, alignment errors in these achromatic lens groups can introduce new STC distortions, reducing far-field power density and compromising the desired correction. This paper quantitatively analyzes the STC distortions induced by three types of alignment errors using a broad-spectrum pulse laser transmission model and a thick lens equivalent phase screen model. The impact of these errors on far-field focusing power density is evaluated, and permissible error ranges for each type are established.
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Key words:
- ultrafast lasers /
- achromatic lenses /
- spatio-temporal coupling /
- misalignments /
- peak power density
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图 3 宽光谱脉冲激光传输演化模型
Figure 3. Computational modeling of broad-spectrum pulsed laser transmission
图 4 厚透镜的等效位相屏演化模型
Figure 4. Computational model of equivalent phase screen for thick lenses
图 5 SILEX-II激光装置中的空间滤波器示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of the spatial filter in the SILEX-II laser unit
图 11 存在装调误差时激光脉冲的“空-时”场分布
Figure 11. Spatio-temporal field distribution of laser pulses in the presence of mounting errors
表 1 透镜组参数(使用普通透镜组)
Table 1. Parameters of lens set (using common lens set)
lens set lens $ R_1/{\mathrm{mm}} $ $ R_2/{\mathrm{mm}} $ $ {d}_{{\mathrm{c}}}/{\mathrm{mm}} $ $ f/{\mathrm{mm}} $ material SF1 L1 153.238 $ \mathrm{\infty } $ 10 300 K9 L2 $ \mathrm{\infty } $ −153.238 10 300 K9 SF2 L1 179.200 − 1026.250 20 300 K9 L2 887.370 − 5617.620 20 1500 K9 SF3 L1 156.110 376.212 15 500 K9 L2 1066.410 − 6644.320 40 1800 K9 SF4 L1 1365.150 − 8490.090 30 2300 K9 L2 4090.740 − 25782.400 30 6900 K9 
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表 2 透镜组参数(使用消色差透镜)
Table 2. Parameters of lens set (using achromatic lenses)
lens set lens $ R_1/{\mathrm{mm}} $ $ R_2/{\mathrm{mm}} $ $ {d}_{{\mathrm{c}}}/{\mathrm{mm}} $ $ f/{\mathrm{mm}} $ material SF1 L1 153.238 $ \mathrm{\infty } $ 10 300 K9 L2 $ \mathrm{\infty } $ −153.238 10 300 K9 SF2 L1 179.200 − 1026.250 20 300 K9 L2 887.370 − 5617.620 20 1500 K9 SF3 L1 156.110 376.212 15 500 K9 L2 1066.410 − 6644.320 40 1800 K9 SF4 L1-1 275.800 −349.348 55 2100 K9 L1-2 −349.348 844.100 20 ZF7 L2 4090.740 − 25782.400 30 6900 K9
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