Field-line coupling characteristics of relay protection device under strong electromagnetic pulse
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摘要: 强电磁脉冲会以场-传输线耦合的方式在线缆上形成纳秒级上升沿的脉冲传导骚扰，对线缆末端的设备构成较大威胁。针对某型号继电保护装置，先测试其抗扰度性能，然后开展场线耦合路径下的高空电磁脉冲辐照试验，获得了装置端口的耦合特性。耦合到信号端口的共模电流达32.45 A及以上时引发了该装置的误动作。同时开展了脉冲电流注入试验，注入信号端口的脉冲电流达36.92 A及以上时该装置误动作，进一步确定了装置端口的临界干扰阈值。通过建立变电站内二次电缆和保护屏柜内信号线缆的场线耦合模型，计算了不同场景下高空电磁脉冲产生的耦合量，提出了场线耦合的防护重点。研究结果可为继电保护装置在强电磁脉冲环境下的抗干扰能力评估与防护技术提供参考。Abstract: Strong electromagnetic pulse can form nanosecond rising edge pulse conduction disturbance on the cable in the form of field-transmission line coupling, which poses a great threat to the equipment at the end of the cable. For a certain type of relay protection device, the immunity performance is tested first, and then the high-altitude electromagnetic pulse irradiation test under the field-line coupling path is carried out to obtain the coupling characteristics of the device port. When the common mode current coupled to the signal port reaches 32.45A and above, the device malfunctions. At the same time, the pulse current injection test is carried out. When the pulse current injected into the signal port reaches 36.92A and more, the device malfunctions, further confirming the critical interference threshold of the device port. Through the establishment of the field-line coupling model of the secondary cable in the substation and the signal cable in the protective panel cabinet, the coupling quantity of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse in different scenarios is calculated, and the key points of field-line coupling protection are proposed. The research results can provide reference for the evaluation of anti-interference ability and protection technology of relay protection devices in strong electromagnetic pulse environments.
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图 2 高空电磁脉冲及其场线耦合方式
Figure 2. High-altitude electromagnetic pulse and its field-line coupling mode
图 3 电磁脉冲试验环境及设备布置
Figure 3. Electromagnetic pulse test environment and equipment layout
图 10 强电磁脉冲作用示意图
Figure 10. Schematic diagram of the action of strong electromagnetic pulse
表 1 继电保护装置非正常情况
Table 1. Abnormal condition of relay protection device
output voltage of EFT/V test phenomenon 500 no phenomenon 800 no phenomenon 1000 the main screen goes back to“protection start” 1500 do not attempt single-phase trip, directly perform three-phase trip 2000 directly perform three-phase trip and send “accelerated intertrip” order 
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表 2 高空电磁脉冲试验结果
Table 2. High altitude electromagnetic pulse test results
field intensity/(kV/m) common mode current on signal line/A test phenomenon 4.50 6.99 —— 6.41 10.09 —— 9.06 13.62 —— 14.43 22.57 —— 19.51 29.91 —— 21.68 31.18 —— 23.17 32.45 maloperation/extended operation time 24.25 33.98 maloperation 25.69 36.10 maloperation 25.58 36.95 maloperation 29.83 42.45 maloperation 31.23 41.73 maloperation 34.40 45.12 maloperation
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表 3 脉冲电流注入试验结果
Table 3. pulse current injection test results
pulse injection source voltage/kV common mode current on signal line/A test phenomenon 16 19.52 —— 18 22.40 —— 20 25.28 —— 22 30.10 —— 24 34.90 —— 26 36.70 —— 28 36.92 maloperation 30 42.68 maloperation 32 47.16 maloperation
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表 4 场线耦合仿真结果
Table 4. Field line coupling simulation results
cable type shielding current peak value/A core current peak value/A secondary cable grounded on both sides of shield layer and armor layer 37.11 0.17 secondary cable grounded on both sides of shield layer 50.15 0.19 secondary cable grounded on one side of the shield layer 50.16 11.55 ungrounded secondary cable —— 11.55 signal cable in cabinet —— 0.08
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