Optimized design of high-voltage generator for 4 MV electrostatic high-voltage ion accelerator
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摘要: 中国科学院近代物理研究所近期开展了一台静电高压型离子加速器的研制工作。高压发生器作为该类型加速器的核心部件，要求达到最高工作电压4.2 MV、电压不稳定度小于±0.1%、纹波系数小于±0.1%的性能指标。针对设计指标，首先通过模拟仿真对高压发生器整体结构进行了设计与优化，从而支撑提升设备运行的安全性和稳定性。针对高压发生器中的重要组成部分，高频变压器部分，采用场路耦合的方法对其电路结构和电气参数进行了分析与优化，并改进了变压器的散热结构，从而确保高频变压器的输出稳定。最后介绍了高压发生器的高精度稳压设计方案，为提升高压发生器控制性能，进一步保证设备安全稳定运行提供了思路。研究结果表明，高压发生器设计能够满足项目技术指标的要求。Abstract: The Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has recently initiated the development of an electrostatic high-voltage ion accelerator. As the core component of this accelerator type, the high-voltage generator is required to meet design specifications including a maximum operational voltage of 4.2 MV, voltage instability below ±0.1%, and ripple coefficient under ±0.1%. To achieve these parameters, simulation-based modeling was first implemented for the overall structural design and optimization of the high-voltage generator, thereby enhancing operational safety and stability.For the critical high-frequency transformer subsystem within the generator, a field-circuit coupling methodology was employed to analyze and optimize both its circuit topology and electrical parameters. Concurrently, thermal dissipation structure modifications were implemented to ensure stable output performance of the transformer. Furthermore, a high-precision voltage stabilization scheme was developed for the generator's control system, proposing optimized control strategies to enhance operational reliability.The research demonstrates that the proposed high-voltage generator design meets the specified technical requirements of the project. This systematic approach integrating electromagnetic design, thermal management optimization, and advanced control methodologies provides valuable insights for developing next-generation high-voltage power systems in accelerator applications.
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图 3 高频变压器结构示意图
Figure 3. Structure diagram of the High-Frequency Transformer Structure
图 7 螺线管变压器温度场模拟结果
Figure 7. Temperature field simulation results of the solenoid transformer
表 1 高压发生器系统电性能指标参数
Table 1. Electrical performance specifications of the high-voltage generator system
output voltage/MV maximum load current/μA output voltage range/MV voltage instability/% ripple factor/% design specification 4.2 1 000 0.2～4.0 ＜±0.1 ＜±0.1 acceptance criteria 4.0 ≮100 0.2～4.0 ＜±0.1 ＜±0.1 
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