Low power microwave ignition technology of energetic materials based on dual-focusing of rectangular resonant cavity and microwave probe
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摘要: 为解决小功率条件下固体含能材料微波点火问题，提出了一种基于矩形谐振腔双聚焦优化设计的小功率高场强微波点火技术。研发的微波点火装置由固态微波源、矩形谐振腔、微波探针等部分构成。其中，矩形谐振腔采用探针馈电，通过谐振作用实现能量一次聚焦，结合探针尖端对电场的畸变作用及金属置物台对电场分布空间的压缩效应，实现对谐振时腔内能量二次聚焦，并通过电磁兼容设计防止电磁波泄露。仿真与试验表明：微波点火装置在2～3 GHz范围内具有多个工作频点且频率可调，22 W功率下最大场强可达MV/m级，并能实现对小粒黑火药的有效点火，与现有装置相比，点火功率大幅减小。研发的小功率高场强微波点火技术可为固体含能材料微波点火的研究提供平台。Abstract: In order to solve the problem of microwave ignition of solid energetic materials under low power conditions, this paper proposes a low-power high-field microwave ignition technology based on dual-focusing optimization design of rectangular resonant cavity. The developed microwave ignition device consists of a solid-state microwave source, a rectangular resonant cavity, a microwave probe and other parts. Among them, the rectangular resonant cavity is fed by a probe, and the energy is focused once by resonance. Combined with the distortion effect of the probe tip on the electric field and the compression effect of the metal stage on the electric field distribution space, the secondary focusing of the energy in the cavity during resonance is realized, and the electromagnetic compatibility design is used to prevent electromagnetic wave leakage. The simulation and experiment show that the microwave ignition device has multiple operating frequency points in the range of 2−3 GHz and the frequency is adjustable. The maximum field strength can reach MV/m level at 22 W power, and can realize the effective ignition of small black powder. Compared with the existing device, the ignition power is greatly reduced. The developed low-power and high-field microwave ignition technology can provide a platform for the study of microwave ignition of solid energetic materials.
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图 2 矩形谐振腔(a)TEm0l谐振模的电场变化（m, l为正整数）及(b)耦合方式
Figure 2. Rectangular resonant cavity (a) electric field change of TEm0l resonant mode ( m, l are positive integers ) and (b) coupling mode
图 3 不同谐振模式对应的电场分布
Figure 3. The electric field distribution corresponding to different resonant modes
图 4 谐振时腔内电场分布
Figure 4. The electric field distribution in the cavity during resonance
图 5 各频率下探针前端电场强度值
Figure 5. The electric field intensity value of the probe front end at each frequency
图 7 双聚焦设计微波谐振腔模型TM111谐振模下腔内电场分布
Figure 7. Dual-focusing design of microwave resonant cavity model and electric field distribution in the cavity under TM111 resonant mode
图 8 不同结构下探针前端场强值
Figure 8. The electric field strength value of the probe front end under different structures
图 9 谐振腔工作频率随金属置物台高度变化
Figure 9. The operating frequency of the resonator varies with the height of the metal stage
图 10 截止波导两侧电场强度
Figure 10. The electric field intensity on both sides of the cut-off waveguide
图 11 不同谐振腔参数下探针尖端场强
Figure 11. The probe tip field strength under different resonant cavity parameters
图 12 优化设计后微波谐振腔模型
Figure 12. Microwave resonant cavity model after optimization design
图 13 双聚焦微波谐振腔探针尖端场强
Figure 13. Double focusing microwave resonant cavity probe tip field strength
表 1 不同频点下微波点火试验现象
Table 1. Microwave ignition test phenomena at different frequencies
The frequency
of microwave source/
GHzThe power of
microwave
source/WIgnition
situation2.410 40 unignited 2.450 40 unignited 2.490 40 unignited 2.530 40 unignited 2.560 22 ignited 2.565 30 ignited 2.570 40 ignited 2.580 40 ignited 
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