Modeling and calculation of radiation effects of high-energy rays on PCB inside a shielded enclosure
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摘要: X/γ射线照射电子系统屏蔽盒时会穿透盒体在各层系统表面或内部产生光电子或康普顿电子，并激励起电磁脉冲，这些粒子或电磁场将干扰甚至损伤盒内电子系统的敏感电子元器件，影响电子系统的正常工作。为快速评估受射线照射下的电子系统内部粒子和电磁环境及其效应，理论分析了屏蔽盒腔体内初级粒子激励的电磁脉冲与PCB的场路耦合及射线直接多层穿透耦合这两种作用机制下产生的辐照响应，构建了其等效电路模型并验证了可行性，进而利用该模型对产生的效应电流进行了计算。在此基础上，利用该计算建模方法研究分析了对PCB采用涂覆绝缘防护层和进行接地两种保护措施后的PCB系统辐照效应的变化规律。为研究电子系统屏蔽盒的辐射效应提供了一种较为完整的直观理论计算方法，其可以在不采用模拟仿真软件的前提下实现对电子系统辐射效应的计算分析，并可推广至更广泛的场景。Abstract:
Background X/γ-ray irradiation of an electronic system shielding box will penetrate the box body in the various layers of the system surface or internal photoelectron or Compton electrons, and excitation of electromagnetic pulse, these particles or electromagnetic fields will interfere with or even damage the sensitive electronic components of the electronic system inside the box, affecting the regular operation of the electronic system.Purpose Rapidly assess the particle and electromagnetic environment inside electronic systems under radiation exposure and enable timely protective measures that mitigate radiation-induced damage and ensure reliable operation.Methods We present a theoretical analysis of irradiation responses arising from two coupling mechanisms: electromagnetic pulses excited by primary particles within the cavity of a shielded enclosure and their field-to-circuit coupling to a printed circuit board (PCB), and direct multi-layer penetration coupling of ionizing radiation. Equivalent-circuit models were constructed to represent these coupling paths, and transient current responses were calculated analytically.Results The transient current responses of the shielded enclosure under high-energy radiation, computed using the equivalent-circuit approach, reproduce the trends observed in published experimental measurements and exhibit approximate numerical agreement.Conclusions The results validate the proposed theoretical modeling approach, showing that analytical equivalent-circuit analysis can provide rapid, simulation-free estimates of radiation effects on electronic systems. The method can be extended to scenarios that more closely match practical applications . -
图 1 屏蔽盒系统结构及其IEMP效应等效电路
Figure 1. Shielding Enclosure System Structure and Its IEMP Equivalent Circuit
图 2 屏蔽盒结构及其瞬态辐照效应等效电路
Figure 2. Shielding enclosure structure and equivalent circuit for transient irradiation effects
图 5 对PCB施加涂层的系统结构及瞬态辐照效应的等效电路
Figure 5. System structure for applying coating to PCB and equivalent circuit for transient irradiation effects
图 6 对PCB施加接地面的系统结构及瞬态辐照效应的等效电路
Figure 6. System structure for applying a ground plane to PCB and equivalent circuit for transient irradiation effects
图 7 不同PCB结构的直接辐照效应电流
Figure 7. Direct irradiation effect currents for different PCB structures
表 1 屏蔽盒的参数设置
Table 1. Parameter settings for the shielding box
shielding box dielectric L/cm d/cm $ {x_1} $/cm $ {x_2} $/cm $ {A_{\text{L}}} $/cm2 aluminum glass epoxy ($ \rho = 2.2 $ g/cm3） 0.1303 0.033 0.061 0.038 3 
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表 2 单能谱照射铝的前向电子产率
Table 2. Single-energy spectroscopy irradiated with Aluminum in the lead electron yield
energy/keV aluminum forward electron
yield/(MeV/cm2)20 2.46×106 40 7.99×105 60 3.55×105 80 2.01×105 100 5.542×10−9 120 1.45×105 140 1.08×105 160 1.31×105
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