Design and implement of the local refined horizontally polarized radiation-wave antenna based on biconical-wire grating structure
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摘要: 对于场地受限或被试系统尺寸较大的应用场景，采用基本构型的“倒V”形双锥-平面线栅水平极化辐射波天线可能无法满足要求。提出了一种基于双锥-平面线栅的新型水平极化辐射波天线，通过线栅天线局部加密布局减小了X轴方向线栅天线附近的辐射场泄露，提高了该方向辐射场极化分量的强度和均匀性；采用非对称结构设计，对基本构型天线+Y方向布局进行调整，预留了较大的调整空间。研究表明，调整线栅天线布局能够对馈入天线的能量进行重新分配。与基本构型的天线相比，当天线系统架设高度为20 m时，新结构天线在X方向（20, 0, 3.5）m处水平极化辐射场强度提高了约20%，可提供约20 m×20 m的工作空间；+Y方向和45°方向辐射场极化分量衰减相对较快，+Y方向辐射场等值线沿Y轴向最外侧天线收拢点压缩，呈“橄榄球”状。实际天线试验证明了新天线结构的可行性和有效性，所提方案还具有架设灵活方便、易于维护等特点，为水平极化电磁脉冲模拟器天线设计提供了新的思路。Abstract:
Background As for the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) effect experiment in limited space or for large under test system, the inverted V-shaped biconical-wire grating antenna based on typical structure may not meet the requirements.Purpose In this paper, a novel horizontally polarized radiation-wave antenna deriving from the typical structure is proposed.Methods Firstly, local refinement strategy is used to reduce the field leakage on X axis near the center of the grating wires. In this way, the polarization component of the electric fields (E-fields) in this direction is enhanced and the field uniformity is improved at the same time. Secondly, the grating antenna is asymmetrically designed and the layout of typical biconical-wire grating antenna in +Y direction is adjusted so as to provide enough space for adjustment.Results Results show that the energy fed to the antenna can be redistributed by adjusting the layout of the wire grating antenna. Compared with the typical biconical-wire grating antenna, the polarized E-field component of the proposed antenna on X axis at (20 0 3.2) m is increased about 20% when the antenna is set up to 20 m, and a work range about 20 m×20 m is provided. Meanwhile, the polarized E-field components in +Y and 45° directions are reduced relatively fast. The E-field contour lines in +Y direction of the new antenna are gradually compressed and converged to the antenna’s convergence points, looking as a rugby.Conclusions The feasibility and validity of the presented scheme has been tested by antenna experiment, which also presents the characteristics of convenience for installation and maintenance. -
图 2 基于双锥-平面线栅的新结构天线
Figure 2. Schematic of the new antenna structure based on biconical-wire grating antenna
图 3 （20, 0, 3.5） m处辐射场波形比较（归一化）
Figure 3. The E-fields of different structures at point (20, 0, 3.5) m (Normalized)
图 6 距地面3.5 m高处天线的辐射场分布图
Figure 6. The E-field distribution of different antennas at 3.5 m above the ground
图 8 （11 10 3.5）m和（0, 0, 5）m处实测与仿真场波形（归一化）
Figure 8. E-field comparison of real measurement and results at point (11, 10, 3.5) m and (0, 0, 5)m (Normalized)
表 1 不同结构天线场参数比较
Table 1. Comparison of E-field parameters for different antennas
direction measurement
points/mamplitude/(kV.m) rise time/ns half rise time/ns Amplitude/(kV.m) rise time/ns half rise time/ns locally densed- asymmetrically distributed antenna typical antenna structure Y axis （0, 0, 3.5） 61.4 2.7 22.6 60.1 2.5 20.5 （0, 10, 3.5） 52.3 2.4 20.1 51.5 2.3 18.7 （0, 15, 3.5） 45.2 2.5 18.5 46.1 2.5 16.8 （0, 20, 3.5） 38.9 2.8 15.7 40.9 3.2 14.9 X axis （10, 0, 3.5） 51.5 2.7 20.1 51.0 2.4 18.2 （15, 0, 3.5） 42.0 2.5 17.9 38.2 2.3 16.0 (20, 0, 3.5) 29.5 2.6 15.5 24.6 2.2 11.1 45° （10, 10, 3.5） 47.4 2.8 18.5 47.7 2.9 16.9 （15, 15, 3.5） 38.8 3.1 15.6 40.1 2.9 14.1 (20, 20, 3.5) 29.7 2.8 13.0 36.4 3.2 11.8 
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