基于PFN-Marx的紧凑化高功率脉冲驱动源

江进波; 褚航歌; 任应杰; 张国政; ZhiYuting; 邱立; 欧阳善川

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202537.250122

基于PFN-Marx的紧凑化高功率脉冲驱动源

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.250122

1.
三峡大学电气与新能源学院，湖北宜昌 443000
2.
国网重庆市电力公司万州供电分公司，重庆万州 404000
3.
湖南云箭集团有限公司，长沙 410100

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51707105); 强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室开放基金项目(NKLIPR2406)

详细信息

作者简介:
江进波，jinbojiang@163.com

中图分类号: TM89
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-12
- 修回日期: 2025-06-28
- 录用日期: 2025-07-29
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-02

Research on waveform optimization of quasi-square wave pulse source based on PFN-Marx

1.
China Three Gorges University, College of Engineering and New Energy, Yichang 443000, China
2.
State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Wanzhou Power Supply Branch, Chongqing Wanzhou 404000, China
3.
Hunan Yunjian Group Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan, 410100, China

摘要

摘要: 为实现脉冲驱动源的紧凑化，研制了基于PFN-Marx的高功率脉冲驱动源。7级PFN-Marx采用单级性脉冲充电方式，有利于PFN-Marx内部结构以及Tesla变压器的紧凑化设计；采用锂电池供电的高功率恒流充电电源给Tesla变压器的初级电容充电，供电电源体积小且灵活可移动；PFN各级充电回路电感相同，脉冲充电波形完全同步，模块化结构设计，可以灵活增加驱动源的模块数提高输出功率。脉冲驱动源输出单脉冲能量为45.6 J，在75 Ω负载条件下输出脉冲幅值为-189.2 kV，脉宽93.2 ns，前沿为8.4 ns的准方波脉冲，功率为477 MW。锂电池充电及控制电源的体积为482 mm×443 mm×177 mm，重量为12.6 kg；Telsa变压器及PFN-Marx发生器集成化设计后的体积为Φ 370mm×848 mm，重量为28.7 kg，此驱动源样机为更高功率更高性能脉冲驱动源的紧凑化设计奠定了基础。
- 高功率脉冲驱动源 /
- PFN-Marx /
- 空芯Tesla变压器 /
- 恒流充电
Abstract: Background
Pulse drive sources are a critical component of high-power microwave systems. Existing drive sources based on Tesla+PFL or LTD technology offer good waveform quality but are limited by their large size and weight. PFN-Marx technology sequentially stacks voltages during pulse discharge, requiring relatively low insulation, making it an ideal technical approach for drive source miniaturization. However, current PFN-Marx-based drive sources struggle to balance compact structural design with output waveform quality.
Purpose
This study aims to design a compact high-power pulse drive source based on PFN-Marx technology to meet the requirements of a specific high-power microwave system.
Methods
To achieve this goal, a 7-stage unipolar pulse charging PFN-Marx generator is employed, with a high-power constant-current charging power supply powered by lithium batteries used to charge the primary capacitor of the Tesla transformer. The PFN modules are designed with identical charging loop inductors to ensure synchronized pulse charging waveforms, and their modular structure allows for flexible scalability. Additionally, the air-core Tesla transformer (coupling coefficient >0.8) is integrated with the PFN-Marx within a high-voltage chamber filled with SF₆ gas to ensure insulation.
Results
The results show that the drive source outputs a single pulse energy of 45.6 J, and can output a quasi-square wave pulse at a 75 Ω load, with an amplitude of −189.2 kV, a pulse width of 93.2 ns, a rise time of 8.4 ns, and a peak power of 477 MW. The lithium-ion battery charging and control power supply has dimensions of 482 mm × 443 mm × 177 mm and weighs 12.6 kg; the integrated Tesla transformer and PFN-Marx generator have dimensions of Φ370 × 848 mm and weigh 28.7 kg; at a repetition rate of 5 Hz, the average output voltage is -183.4 kV, with a voltage dispersion of 4.1%.
Conclusions
Therefore, this compact PFN-Marx-based pulse drive source achieves both miniaturization and high-quality waveform output, laying the foundation for the development of higher-power, higher-performance compact pulse drive sources.
- high-power pulse driver source /
- PFN-Marx /
- air-core Tesla transformer /
- constant-current charging

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图 1 脉冲驱动源电路原理示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of pulse drive source circuit principle

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图 2 PFN-Marx电路原理图

Figure 2. PFN-Marx circuit schematic

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图 3 PFN仿真输出波形

Figure 3. PFN simulation output waveform

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图 4 Tesla变压器初级电容充电波形图

Figure 4. Tesla transformer primary capacitance waveform

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图 5 单级PFN结构图

Figure 5. Single-stage PFN structure

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图 6 PFN-Marx发生器内部结构图

Figure 6. PFN-Marx generator structure

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图 7 Tesla变压器结构图

Figure 7. Tesla transformer structure diagram

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图 8 脉冲驱动源实物图

Figure 8. Pulse drive source physical picture

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图 9 恒流充电电流电压波形图

Figure 9. Constant current charging current and voltage waveform

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图 10 Tesla变压器次级输出电压波形图

Figure 10. Tesla transformer secondary output voltage waveform

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图 11 第一级PFN充电及触发脉冲波形图

Figure 11. Trigger pulse and PFN voltage waveform of the first stage

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图 12 触发脉冲上升沿展开波形

Figure 12. Waveform unfolded by the rising edge of the trigger pulse

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图 13 PFN输出电压归一化波形

Figure 13. PFN output voltage normalized waveform

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图 14 20组标定实验波形

Figure 14. 20 sets of Calibration experiment waveform

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图 15 PFN-Marx输出电压波形

Figure 15. PFN-Marx output voltage waveform

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图 16 5 Hz重频放电电压输出波形

Figure 16. 5 Hz repetition discharge voltage output waveform

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