基于ZYNQ的束流损失测量系统电子学设计

曾磊; 徐智虹; 邱瑞阳; 田建民; 李芳; 黄蔚玲; 杨仁俊

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202537.250124

基于ZYNQ的束流损失测量系统电子学设计

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.250124

曾磊^{1, 2,},
徐智虹^{1, 2},
邱瑞阳^{1, 2},
田建民^{1, 2},
李芳^{1, 2},
黄蔚玲^{1, 2},
杨仁俊^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国科学院高能物理研究所，北京 100049
2.
散裂中子源科学中心，广东东莞 523803

基金项目: 广东省自然科学基金面上项目（2024A1515010016）

详细信息

作者简介:
曾　磊，zengl@ihep.ac.cn

通讯作者:
杨仁俊，yangrenjun@ihep.ac.cn。

中图分类号: TL506
计量
- 文章访问数: 24
- HTML全文浏览量: 8
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-21
- 修回日期: 2025-09-04
- 录用日期: 2025-08-02
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-13

Development of Beam Loss Monitor Electronics Based on ZYNQ

Zeng Lei^{1, 2
,},
Xu Zhihong^{1, 2},
Qiu Ruiyang^{1, 2},
Tian Jianmin^{1, 2},
Li Fang^{1, 2},
Huang Weiling^{1, 2},
Yang Renjun^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
2.
Spallation Neutron Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China

摘要

摘要: 中国散裂中子源（CSNS）作为一台高功率强流质子加速器，其设计目标是严格控制束流损失,束流损失测量系统对加速器的设备保护、残留活化剂量控制和加速器机器调试非常重要。在CSNS一期工程中，束流损失测量系统使用NI PXIe-6358采集卡进行束流损失波形采集。在CSNS-II工程中，计划开发基于ZYNQ的新型束流损失波形采集卡替代现有的NI采集板卡。详细介绍了基于ZYNQ的束流损失测量系统的电子学构成，主要分硬件架构和软件架构两部分进行详细阐述，重点介绍了AXI总线的LINUX驱动设计、EPICS IOC开发，通过实验室功能测试实现了束损波形采集、增益控制、过阈值机器保护和EPICS PV量发布等功能，并在RCS本地站进行了带束流测试。
- 强流质子加速器 /
- 束流损失 /
- 数据采集 /
- ZYNQ /
- EPICS
Abstract: Background
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high-current proton accelerator, relies on its Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) system for critical roles in equipment machine protection and residual activation dose control; in CSNS Phase I, the BLM system adopted NI’s PXIe-6358 acquisition card combined with self-developed front-end analog electronics, while the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) of CSNS-II requires an upgraded and fully localized BLM system to meet enhanced operational demands.
Purpose
This study aims to develop a novel ZYNQ-based BLM electronics system to replace the existing NI data acquisition system in CSNS-II RCS, realizing comprehensive functions including beam loss signal acquisition, gain control, Machine Protection Signal (MPS) output, and EPICS PV publishing.
Methods
The system comprises custom-developed components: a 19-inch 3U chassis with a dedicated backplane bus, 3 kV low-ripple high-voltage power modules, front-end analog boards, and digital acquisition boards based on the ZYNQ7020 System-on-Chip (SOC) integrated with AD7060 and LTC2668 , along with developed Linux drivers AXI-DMA-based ADC driver and AXI-GPIO-based gain control driver and EPICS IOC software; it was subjected to laboratory functional tests using 25 Hz, 50 μs–1 ms pulse signals to simulate ion chamber outputs and on-beam tests at the RCS local station.
Results
Laboratory tests validated key functions such as external trigger waveform acquisition, gain control, MPS threshold output, and background subtraction, while on-beam tests at the RCS local station clearly captured beam loss signals and extraction interference signals, with the system achieving 100% localization and meeting all engineering specifications.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the ZYNQ-based BLM system has completed the development of core components and demonstrated full functionality, enabling it to effectively replace the existing NI acquisition system and making it well-suited for beam loss measurement in CSNS-II.
- high-current proton accelerator /
- beam loss /
- data acquisition /
- ZYNQ /
- EPICS

HTML全文

图 1 电子学硬件架构框图

Figure 1. electronic hardware architecture block diagram

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图 2 前端模拟插件功能框图和实物图

Figure 2. functional block diagram of front-end analog circuit

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图 3 数字采集插件结构图和实物图

Figure 3. Functional block diagram of digital plug-in

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图 4 软件架构图

Figure 4. Software architecture diagram

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图 5 PL端固件框图

Figure 5. Block diagram of the PL-side firmware

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图 6 增益控制流程图

Figure 6. Gain control flowchart

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图 7 信号采集流程

Figure 7. Signal acquisition process

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图 8 实验室测试界面和硬件测试图

Figure 8. Functional test diagram

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图 9 RCS本地站测试图

Figure 9. Beam loss monitor diagram of the RCS local station

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表 1 国内外加速器装置束流损失测量系统架构对比

Table 1. CSNS BLM requirements in comparison with the SNS, ESS and LHC

	Detector Type	Beam abort time/µs	Electronics bandwidth/KHz	Signal dynamic range/dB	Min input currunt/pA	Max Input current/µA	Electronics Platform	Digitizer	Detector cable length/m
CSNS	ion chamber	10	50	120	200	200	PXIe	16 bit, 1 MSa/s	40～120
SNS	ion chamber	10	35&1	126	324	644	VME	16 bit, 100 kSa/s	29～31
ESS	ion chamber	10	350	128	800	2000	MTCA.4	16 bit, 100 MSa/s	60
LHC	ion chamber	89		136	50	200	VME	12 bit, 40 MSa/s	400

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表 2 前端模拟电子学技术参数

Table 2. Front-end analog electronics technical parameters

macro-pulse repetition frequency/Hz	macro-pulse width/µs	ADC sampling rate/KSa/s	signal bandwidth/ KHz	gain/ dB	input signal polarity	minimum input current/pA	maximum input current/µA
25	50～500	＞100	50	120	Bipolar	200	200

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表 3 ZYNQ采集板卡与NI PXIe6358板卡技术参数对比

Table 3. Digitizer technical parameters in comparison with the ZYNQ and NI

	ADC number of channels	ADC sampling rate/KSa/s	input signal bandwidth/KHz	ADC resolution/ bits	input signal range/V	digital I/O number	DAC number of channels	DAC resolution/bits	DAC update rate/KSa/s
ZYNQ	16	200	22.3	16	±10	60	16	16	100
NI PXIe6358	16	1250	1000	16	±10	48	4	16	3300

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参考文献(13)

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