W-band folded-waveguide traveling-wave tube with dual electron beams and H-plane power combining
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摘要: 设计了一种W波段双注多通道H面功率合成折叠波导行波管，利用三维电磁仿真软件CST对所设计的慢波结构的高频特性、电场特性、放大特性进行了仿真分析。经计算，所设计的两路折叠波导功率合成结构能够实现10 GHz的传输带宽。在电子注电压为17.9 kV，电流0.35 A的条件下，能够在94 GHz实现450 W的功率输出，效率达7.18%，对应增益23.5 dB。固定电子注的电流与电压后，所设计的行波管在91～99 GHz频段内实现了超过200 W的输出功率，其3 dB带宽为91～98.5 GHz。并且调制后的粒子电压分布图进一步验证了模式分析的准确性。Abstract:
Background Traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) are widely applied in radar, imaging, and military systems owing to their excellent amplification characteristics. Miniaturization and integration are critical to the future of TWTs, with multi-channel slow-wave structures (SWSs) forming the foundation for their realization in high-power vacuum electronic devices.Purpose To offer design insights into multi-channel TWTs and simultaneously enhance output power, a W-band folded-waveguide TWT with dual electron beams and H-plane power combining was proposed.Methods Three-dimensional electromagnetic simulations in CST were conducted to verify the high-frequency characteristics, electric field distribution, and amplification performance of the proposed SWS, thereby confirming the validity of the design.Results Results indicate that the designed TWT achieves a transmission bandwidth of 10 GHz. With an electron beam voltage of 17.9 kV and a current of 0.35 A, the output power reaches 450 W at 94 GHz, corresponding to an efficiency of 7.18% and a gain of 23.5 dB. Moreover, with fixed beam voltage and current, the TWT delivers over 200 W output power across 91–99 GHz, with a 3 dB bandwidth of 91–98.5 GHz. The particle voltage distribution after modulation further validates the mode analysis.Conclusions These results demonstrate the feasibility of compact dual-beam power-combining structures and provide useful guidance for the design of future multi-channel TWTs.-
Key words:
- double electron beam /
- folded waveguide /
- slow-wave structure /
- power combining /
- beam-wave interaction /
- w-band
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Table 1. Structure parameters of slow wave structure
(mm) w n h p e l. sy 1.8 0.40 0.60 1.12 0.16 1.68 0.36 
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