Development of the BPM Signal Generator for the FOFB Test System of HEPS
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摘要: 高能同步辐射光源（HEPS）快轨道反馈控制系统（FOFB）用于HEPS储存环的轨道反馈控制。针对FOFB系统的调试需求研制了一套用于FOFB测试的束流信号模拟发生器，其包含四路信号且幅值独立可调的输出端口，可实现在实验室无束流条件下对真实束流探测器（BPM）信号的模拟输出。该信号发生器具有结构简单、造价低、重复稳定性高等优点，简化了FOFB系统的调试过程。研制工作围绕该脉冲信号发生器展开，详细介绍了其硬件电路设计方案并给出了测试结果。Abstract:
Background The fast orbit feedback (FOFB) system of the high energy photon source (HEPS) has been developed for the beam orbit control in its storage ring. It mainly consists of beam position monitors (BPMs), the algorithms of fast orbit controller (FOC) and fast correction units. To support HEPS commissioning, we have developed a high-performance signal generator to complete the simulation of beam signals.Purpose The developed signal source includes four output ports with independently adjustable signal amplitudes and synchronous triggers. Its goal is to simulate the timing signals, and enable the simulation output of BPM signals under real beam conditions in the laboratory without beam, with the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high repeatability.Methods The core of the signal source is an FPGA board. Firstly, a 250 MHz clock signal with a 25% duty cycle has been generated by the PLL and directly routed through the MRCC pin. After completing the impedance matching, the RF signal has been processed via differential circuit to obtain the required simulated beam signals. Then, the required signals have been amplified using the RF amplifier. After the 1:4 power division, beam signals with four adjustable amplitudes output channels have been acquired finally. The trigger signal has been supplied directly from the FPGA I/O pins configured for LVCMOS33 operation at 3.3V, to meet the required LVTTL of BPM electronics.Results Based on the beam current characteristics of the HEPS storage ring, we have tested the beam signal simulation performance of HEPS storage ring with a frequency of 220kHz and different patterns during the experiment. In addition, the simulation performance of the single trigger signal and BEPCII collision zone with a frequency of 1.21MHz has also been tested. The test results showed that the developed signal source could simulate the beam signal well and meet the design requirements. Then, we have tested the pattern dependence of HEPS BPM electronics with this signal source. The results showed that there is no pattern dependence effect in the HEPS BPM electronics used in this experiment.Conclusions This signal generator could be used to assist the logical design and correctness of DBPM, as well as the debugging of the data transmission and control logic between the DBPM and FOFB, and testing the latency of the FOFB system. Based on this system, the debugging difficulty of BPM and FOFB systems could be reduced and accelerating the deployment of the FOFB system.-
Key words:
- signal generator /
- analog circuit design /
- FOFB /
- HEPS /
- FPGA
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图 1 HEPS快轨道反馈控制系统功能框图。
Figure 1. The Functional block diagram of HEPS fast beam orbit feedback control system
图 2 HEPS快轨道反馈控制系统的结构示意图。
Figure 2. The Schematic diagram of the structure of the HEPS fast beam orbit feedback control system
图 3 信号发生器模拟的束流信号：（a）单次通过型模拟束流信号和触发信号；（b）和（c）触发频率220 kHz的触发信号和不同pattern结构的模拟束流信号。
Figure 3. Beam signals simulated by signal generators: (a) single-pass analog beam signals and trigger signals; (b) and (c) trigger signals with a trigger frequency of 220 kHz and analog beam signals with different pattern structures
图 6 信号发生器性能测试实验平台示意图。
Figure 6. The Schematic diagram of the signal generator performance test experimental platform
图 7 FPGA管脚输出的方波信号，频率250 MHz，占空比25%。
Figure 7. The square wave signal output by the FPGA is 250 MHz with a duty cycle of 25%
图 8 FPGA管脚直接输出的触发信号和由6个pattern组合的方波信号。
Figure 8. The FPGA output a trigger signal directly and a square wave signal composed of 6 patterns
图 9 信号发生器输出的单个模拟束流信号。
Figure 9. A single analog beam signal output by a signal generator
图 10 衰减器测试结果。绿色线为触发信号，黄色为0 dB衰减，蓝色为15.5 dB衰减，紫色为4 dB衰减。
Figure 10. Attenuator test results. The green line is the trigger signal, the yellow is the 0 dB attenuation, the blue is the 15.5 dB attenuation, and the purple is the 4 dB attenuation
图 11 不同衰减值下信号发生器四个通道输出信号的幅度。
Figure 11. The amplitude of the output signal of the four channels of the signal generator under different attenuation values
图 12 信号发生器输出的220 kHz模拟束流信号，1个pattern包括10个模拟束流脉冲。
Figure 12. The signal generator outputs a 220 kHz analog beam signal, and 1 pattern includes 10 analog beam pulses
图 13 信号发生器输出的220 kHz模拟束流信号，6个pattern，每个pattern有10个模拟束流脉冲。
Figure 13. The signal generator outputs a 220 kHz analog beam signal with 5 patterns, each pattern with 10 analog beam pulses
图 14 信号发生器输出的模拟BEPCII逐圈束流信号，触发频率1.21 MHz。
Figure 14. Analog BEPCII turn-by-turn beam signal output from the signal generator with a trigger frequency of 1.21 MHz
图 15 信号发生器输出220 kHz、脉冲间隔16 ns、脉冲数量20个的模拟束流信号时，BPM电子学计算的位置结果。
Figure 15. When the signal generator outputs an analog beam signal of 220 kHz, 16 ns bunch spacing and 20 pulses, the position result calculated by BPM electronics
图 16 信号发生器输出220 kHz、脉冲间隔80 ns、脉冲数量20个的模拟束流信号时，BPM电子学计算的位置结果。
Figure 16. The position calculated by BPM electronics when the signal generator outputs an analog beam signal of 220 kHz, 80 ns bunch spacing, and 20 pulses
表 1 ZX60-33LN-S+主要参数
Table 1. The main parameters of ZX60-33LN-S
Bandwidth/
MHzNoise/
dBOutput
power/dBmOIP3/
dBmGain/dB Power supply
voltage/VInput RF
power/dBmPower
dissipation/W50～ 3000 1.1(typ) Maximum
+19 (typ)Maximum
+35 (typ)24.67
(100 MHz)22.93
(400 MHz)21.44
(600 MHz)18.71
(1000 MHz)+5 Maximum
+130.44 
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表 2 XQY-PS4-DC/6-SE主要参数
Table 2. The main parameters of XQY-PS4-DC/6-SE
Insertion loss/dB Input standing wave Output standing wave Isolation/dB Amplitude balance/dB Phase balance/(°) Impedance/Ω ≤14.0 Maximum
1.25(Typ.1.11)Maximum
1.25(Typ.1.10)Minimum 6.0 ±0.5 ±5 50
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表 3 PE4302主要参数
Table 3. The main parameters of PE4302
Power
supply/VBit number/
bitMinimum step
accuracy/dBAttenuation
range/dBMaximum input
power/dBmInput and output
impedance/ΩExternal control
level/VS21 insertion
loss/dB+5～+12 6 0.5 0～+31.5 ≤+30 50 3.3 Better than -1.5(1GHz)
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