Application of Monte Carlo method in the design of shielding scheme for cobalt source containers
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摘要: 采用蒙特卡罗方法，针对钴源容器的辐射安全性能进行了分析和验证，主要利用屏蔽容器主体、铅屏蔽层等结构实现其屏蔽功能，单根成品源不同的活度及摆放位置对钴源容器的屏蔽性能会产生影响，对比了各装载方案在不同角度剂量点的剂量率水平变化趋势，并通过MESH网格图直观反映人员可达平台的剂量率水平分布，分析结果验证了钴源容器满足国家标准GB 11806-2019《放射性物品安全运输规程》对货包辐射水平的规定，可达到其固有安全性。Abstract:
Background Radiation protection and the safety of radiation sources are critical in industrial applications. The Basic Standard for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and Safety of Radiation Sources is a key technical standard in China, establishing personal dose limits for occupational exposure and the public. Ensuring that the radiation dose from the transport of radioactive sources remains below these limits is essential. Cobalt-60 (60Co) sources are widely used in industrial applications, and their transport containers must provide adequate shielding to minimize radiation exposure.Purpose This study aims to evaluate and optimize the shielding performance of a cobalt source container to ensure compliance with national standards and to protect personnel during transportation. The research focuses on analyzing the shielding effectiveness under different loading configurations and verifying the container's performance against regulatory requirements.Methods The shielding analysis was conducted using the Monte Carlo method and MESH grid mapping. The study considered the activity of individual radioactive sources and their loading configurations, focusing on four eccentric loading schemes. The dose rate levels were analyzed at various angles, and MESH grids were used to visualize the spatial distribution of dose rates on accessible platforms.Results The analysis demonstrated that the cobalt source container meets the national standard (GB). The dose rate levels at different angles and positions were found to be consistent with regulatory limits. The MESH grid visualization provided a clear understanding of the dose rate distribution, confirming the container's shielding performance under the tested configurations.Conclusions The research validates the shielding effectiveness of the cobalt source container and provides a systematic approach for evaluating and optimizing shielding designs. The findings contribute to ensuring safe transport of radioactive sources and compliance with radiation protection standards.-
Key words:
- cobalt source container /
- radiation safety /
- Monte Carlo method /
- MESH analysis
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图 3 (a) 方案一示意图(b) 方案二示意图(c) 方案三示意图(d) 方案四示意图
Figure 3. (a) Schematic Diagram of Plan 1 (b) Schematic Diagram of Plan 2 Schematic Diagram of Plan 3 (d) Schematic Diagram of Plan 4
图 5 (a) 侧边1m位置0°、20°、80°、90°各装载方案剂量率水平 (b)侧边1cm位置0°、20°、80°、90°各装载方案剂量率水平
Figure 5. (a) The Dose Rate Level of each Loading Scheme at 1 Meter (0°、20°、80°、90°)Position on the Side (b) The Dose Rate Level of each Loading Scheme at 1 Centimeter (0°、20°、80°、90°)Position on the Side
表 1 60Co成品源的γ源强
Table 1. γ Source Intensity of the Cobalt-60 Source
Energy/MeV γ source intensity/(photons·s−1) 0.6938 1.21E+12 1.1732 7.40E+15 1.3325 7.40E+15 Total source intensity 1.48E+16 
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表 2 四种布置方案的屏蔽分析结果（1/2）
Table 2. The Shielding Analysis Results of the Four Layout Schemes（1/2）
surface dose
rate/mSv∙hdose rate at 1 meter from
the outer surface/mSv∙hdose rate at 2 meters from
the outer surface/mSv∙htop bottom side top bottom side top bottom side Scheme 1 conventional transportation
condition2.37E-01 3.06E-01 7.06E-01 5.87E-02 2.18E-02 8.23E-02 2.00E-02 7.31E-03 2.94E-02 limiting value 2 2 2 − − − 0.1 0.1 0.1 scheme 2 conventional transportation
condition2.14E-01 4.81E-01 5.69E-01 5.15E-02 2.42E-02 6.55E-02 1.73E-02 8.16E-03 2.43E-02 limiting value 2 2 2 − − − 0.1 0.1 0.1 scheme 3 conventional transportation
condition2.69E-01 3.72E-01 4.81E-01 5.60E-02 2.20E-02 7.09E-02 1.90E-02 7.37E-03 2.54E-02 limiting value 2 2 2 − − − 0.1 0.1 0.1 scheme 4 conventional transportation
condition2.69E-01 4.37E-01 5.91E-01 5.38E-02 2.38E-02 7.06E-02 1.84E-02 7.81E-03 2.60E-02 limiting value 2 2 2 − − − 0.1 0.1 0.1
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表 2 四种布置方案的屏蔽分析结果(2/2)
Table 2. The Shielding Analysis Results of the Four Layout Schemes (2/2)
Dose rate at 1 meter from the outer surface/mSv∙h Side Transport accident conditions 9.30E-02 Limiting value 10 Transport accident conditions 8.94E-02 Limiting value 10 Transport accident conditions 8.12E-02 Limiting value 10 Transport accident conditions 7.44E-02 Limiting value 10
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