脉冲阶梯调制高压电源模块输入侧无电压传感器控制技术研究

陈中; 曾鹏; 汪方斌; 缪鑫

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250248

脉冲阶梯调制高压电源模块输入侧无电压传感器控制技术研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250248

陈中^{1, 2,},
曾鹏^{1, 2},
汪方斌^1, ,,
缪鑫^{1, 2}

1.
安徽建筑大学机械与电气工程学院，合肥 230601
2.
安徽建筑大学安徽省工程机械智能制造重点实验室，合肥 230601

基金项目: 安徽省高校省级自然科学研究项目(2024AH050234)

详细信息

作者简介:
陈　中，cz1982@ahjzu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
汪方斌，wangfb@ahjzu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TM46
计量
- 文章访问数: 25
- HTML全文浏览量: 11
- PDF下载量: 3
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-08-01
- 修回日期: 2025-11-15
- 录用日期: 2025-11-12
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-24

Sensorless control technique for the input side of pulse step modulation high-voltage power supply module

Chen Zhong^{1, 2
,},
Zeng Peng^{1, 2},
Wang Fangbin^{1
, ,},
Miao Xin^{1, 2}

1.
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Construction Machinery, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China

摘要

摘要: 脉冲阶梯调制（PSM）高压电源广泛应用于超导托卡马克装置的加热系统，采用模块化拓扑结构，通过多个直流电源模块输出叠加形成高压。每个电源模块输入过欠压保护功能，通过在输入电容两端安装电压传感器进行电压检测以实现，所需电压传感器数量庞大，增加了系统检测成本，提高了硬件检测电路的复杂性。介绍了PSM高压电源电路拓扑，详细分析了PSM高压电源的PWM模块循环控制策略，在此基础上提出了一种电源模块输入侧无电压传感器电压检测方法，在PSM高压电源输出侧采用单电压传感器检测电压信号，推导出各电源模块输入侧电压。最后，基于RT-LAB实时仿真平台搭建了仿真模型，实验结果验证了所提出SVM检测方法的有效性。
- 高压电源 /
- 脉冲阶梯调制 /
- 循环控制 /
- 电压检测 /
- 无电压传感器
Abstract: Background
Pulse step modulation (PSM) high-voltage power supply is widely used in the heating systems of the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). This power supply adopts a modular topology, where the high output voltage is generated by superimposing the outputs of multiple independent DC power modules. In conventional designs, input over-voltage and under-voltage protection for each power module is achieved by installing individual voltage sensors across the input capacitors.
Purpose
However, this method requires a large number of voltage sensors, which significantly increases system monitoring costs and complicates the hardware detection circuitry. To address these limitations, this study aims to develop a sensorless voltage measurement (SVM) method capable of estimating the input voltage of each power module using only a single voltage sensor on the output side.
Methods
This paper first introduces the circuit topology of the PSM high-voltage power supply and provides a detailed analysis of its control strategy. Building on this foundation, a novel sensorless voltage detection technique is proposed to estimate the input voltage of each power module. The method utilizes only one voltage sensor installed at the output side of the PSM high-voltage power supply to collect voltage signals, from which the input voltages of individual modules are derived through algorithmic processing.
Results
To validate the proposed method, a model was constructed and tested based on the RT-LAB real-time simulation platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the SVM technique can effectively estimate input voltages, thereby confirming the feasibility of the proposed method.
Conclusions
The study concludes that the SVM method not only reduces the number of required sensors and associated costs but also simplifies the system architecture while maintaining reliable module-level voltage monitoring. The findings provide valuable insights for the design of modular power supplies in large-scale experimental setups and suggest potential applications in other multi-module power electronic systems.
- high-voltage power supply /
- pulse step modulation /
- cyclic control /
- voltage measurement /
- sensorless

HTML全文

图 1 PSM高压电源简化模型

Figure 1. Simplified model of PSM high-voltage power supply

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 PSM控制结构图

Figure 2. PSM control structure diagram

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 PWM模块循环

Figure 3. PWM module cycle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 常规电压检测方法和SVM方法

Figure 4. Conventional voltage detection methods and SVM methods

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 SVM电压采集原理

Figure 5. SVM voltage acquisition principle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 RT-LAB实验平台

Figure 6. RT-LAB experiment platform

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 电源模块输入电压

Figure 7. Power module input voltage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 电源模块输入电压滤波

Figure 8. Power module input voltage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 电源模块电压给定值

Table 1. Power supply module voltage setpoint

No. u_dci voltage/V

1 u_dc1 120

2 u_dc2 112

3 u_dc3 104

4 u_dc4 116

5 u_dc5 108

6 u_dc6 100

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 实验参数

Table 2. Experimental Parameters

number of modules output voltage/V output L/mH output C/μF switching frequency f/kHz

6 620 5 4700 1

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(22)

[1]	夏于洋, 李青, 毛晓惠. PSM高压电源干式变压器的热分析计算[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32: 025008 Xia Yuyang, Li Qing, Mao Xiaohui. Thermal analysis calculation of dry-type transformer in PSM high voltage power supply[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32: 025008
[2]	马腾才, 胡希伟, 陈银华, 等. 等离子体物理原理[M]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2012: 287-296 Ma Tengcai, Hu Xiwei, Chen Yinhua, et al. Principles of plasma physics[M]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2012: 287-296
[3]	Zhang Jian, Gao Zongqiu, Sun Haozhang, et al. Development of the body power supply for ECRH on EAST[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2020, 153: 111479. doi: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111479
[4]	芮军辉, 高宗球, 郭斐, 等. 低杂波电流驱动阴极高压电源系统的优化与实现[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2021, 33: 026002 Rui Junhui, Gao Zongqiu, Guo Fei, et al. Optimization and realization of low hybrid current drive cathode high voltage power supply system[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33: 026002
[5]	赵璐, 潘圣民, 黄懿赟, 等. EAST中性束注入高压电源综合保护系统[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2017, 29: 065010 Zhao Lu, Pan Shengmin, Huang Yiyun, et al. Integrated protection system of EAST-NBI high voltage power supply[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2017, 29: 065010
[6]	王雅丽, 毛晓惠, 陈俊宏. 基于PSM技术的脉冲高压电源测量与控制保护系统的EMC设计[J]. 电子测量技术, 2019, 42(18): 46-51 Wang Yali, Mao Xiaohui, Chen Junhong. EMC design of measurement and control protection system of high voltage pulse power supply based on PSM technology[J]. Electronic measurement technology, 2019, 42(18): 46-51
[7]	马少翔. 100kV PSM高压电源相关技术研究和系统实现[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2015 Ma Shaoxiang. Research and implementation of 100 kV high-voltage power supply based on PSM technology[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2015
[8]	Ma Shaoxiang, Zhu Bangyou, Guan Shengyuan, et al. Development of a novel power module based on pulse step modulation[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2021, 169: 112491. doi: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112491
[9]	李一丹, 卢文生, 彭秀艳, 等. 级联型静止同步补偿器的直流电压检测及控制方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(3): 14-19 Li Yidan, Lu Wensheng, Peng Xiuyan, et al. DC voltage measurement and control for cascaded STATCOM[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(3): 14-19
[10]	Farivar G, Hredzak B, Agelidis V G. A DC-side sensorless cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter-based photovoltaic system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016, 63(7): 4233-4241. doi: 10.1109/TIE.2016.2544243
[11]	毛晓惠, 李青, 王雅丽, 等. 基于脉冲调制技术的LHCD大功率阴极高压电源[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2016, 28: 015004 Mao Xiaohui, Li Qing, Wang Yali, et al. LHCD cathode high voltage power supply based on pulse step modulator[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2016, 28: 015004
[12]	Xia Linglong, Zhang Ming, Ma Shaoxiang, et al. Analysis of the soft-start circuit of the high voltage power supply based on PSM technology[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2014, 42(4): 1026-1031. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2014.2305719
[13]	张健, 郭斐, 孙浩章, 等. 用于回旋管测试台的高压电源及控制系统设计[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2017, 29: 055002 Zhang Jian, Guo Fei, Sun Haozhang, et al. Design of high voltage power supply and control system for gyrotron test bench[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2017, 29: 055002
[14]	黄波, 黄梅, 陈文光, 等. 电子回旋共振加热系统中全固态阳极高压电源硬件电路设计[J]. 核聚变与等离子体物理, 2018, 38(1): 55-62 Huang Bo, Huang Mei, Chen Wenguang, et al. Design of hardware circuits of solid-state anode high-voltage power supply in electron cyclotron resonance heating system[J]. Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics, 2018, 38(1): 55-62
[15]	李亚维, 谢敏, 蓝欣, 等. 200 kV低纹波高稳定度直流高压电源[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2016, 28: 015016 Li Yawei, Xie Min, Lan Xin, et al. A 200 kV high voltage DC power supply with high stability and low ripple[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2016, 28: 015016
[16]	Wang Junjia, Zhang Jian, Fu Peng, et al. Microsecond overshoot characteristics of PSM high-voltage power supply[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2019, 47(4): 1793-1798. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2019.2904527
[17]	Ma Shaoxiang, Jiao Jin, Zhang Ming, et al. Design of the voltage measurement and feedback regulation system of 100-kV high-voltage power supply on J-TEXT Tokamak[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2019, 47(6): 2937-2942. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2019.2909551
[18]	蔡政平, 武志勇, 李伟松. 1.5MW高功率连续波PSM电源研制[J]. 高电压技术, 2016, 42(3): 762-768 Cai Zhengping, Wu Zhiyong, Li Weisong. Development of 1.5 MW high power PSM power supply[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(3): 762-768
[19]	杨雷, 傅鹏, 刘小宁, 等. 采用脉冲阶梯调制技术的50kV、100A直流高压电源设计[J]. 高电压技术, 2009, 35(9): 2220-2225 Yang Lei, Fu Peng, Liu Xiaoning, et al. Design of a 50 kV/100 A high voltage DC power supply using PSM technology[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2009, 35(9): 2220-2225
[20]	杜少武, 杨钰辉. 基于PSM技术的高压开关电源研究[J]. 电工电能新技术, 2006, 25(3): 18-20,58 Du Shaowu, Yang Yuhui. Study of high-voltage switching power supply based on PSM technology[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2006, 25(3): 18-20,58
[21]	Mohammed Cherif O, Nadji B, Tadjer S A, et al. An analytical approach for evaluating turn-on switching losses in SiC MOSFET with Kelvin pin: concept and implementation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2024, 71(5): 3116-3122. doi: 10.1109/TED.2024.3382072
[22]	徐伟东, 陈文光, 宣伟民, 等. 基于PSM技术的70kV/90A高压脉冲电源的研制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2011, 26(12): 129-135 Xu Weidong, Chen Wenguang, Xuan Weimin, et al. Development of the 70kV/90A high-voltage pulse power supply based on PSM technology[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2011, 26(12): 129-135