Analysis and Research on Electromagnetic Coupling within PFN-Marx Generator
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摘要: PFN-Marx发生器准方波输出特性与装置的紧凑性是一对矛盾。随着对装置紧凑性的更高要求，发生器叠加过程中PFN波传输产生的级间电磁耦合愈发明显，其对PFN的脉冲调制特性有显著的影响，进一步影响发生器的准方波输出特性。基于此问题，本文开展PFN-Marx发生器叠加过程中PFN的电磁耦合分析。首先，通过理论推导，分析波传输过程中PFN级内和级间的电磁耦合现象，并得出其计算公式；然后，建立典型的PFN-Marx发生器的3D模型进行场路协同仿真；最后，分别搭建单级、多级发生器进行实验验证。通过分析对比三种结果，提高对PFN-Marx发生器波传输过程中电磁耦合的认识，从而在设计中规避部分电磁耦合，提升PFN-Marx发生器方波输出能力。本文可以为PFN-Marx发生器的准方波输出和紧凑化提供技术参考。
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关键词:
- 波传输过程 /
- 电磁耦合 /
- 场路协同仿真 /
- 脉冲形成网络 /
- PFN-Marx发生器
Abstract:Background The quasi-square wave output characteristic of PFN-Marx generator is a pair of contradictions with the compactness of the setup. With the higher requirement of the compactness of the setup, the inter stage electromagnetic coupling of PFN wave transmission becomes more and more obvious, which has a significant effect on the pulse modulation characteristics of PFN and further affects the quasi-square wave output characteristics of the generator.Purpose It is necessary to conduct an investigation into the electromagnetic coupling during the wave transmission process of the PFN-Marx generator and derive the corresponding calculation formulas. This allows for the avoidance of specific electromagnetic couplings during the design phase, ensuring both the quality of the output waveform and the compactness of the device.Methods This paper conducts electromagnetic coupling analysis of PFN during the discharging process of PFN Marx generator. Firstly, the electromagnetic coupling phenomenon in the PFN and between the PFNs are analyzed by theoretical derivation, and the calculation formulas are obtained. Then, the 3D model of the typical PFN Marx generator is built up for field circuit simulation. Finally, a single-stage generator and a multi-stage generator are built for experimental verification.Results The experimental results verify the theoretical analysis and simulation results, showing good consistency. The preliminary design optimization directions for the PFN-Marx generator can be outlined as follows:1. Maintain appropriate inter-wire spacing;2. Increase design redundancy to compensate for electromagnetic coupling;3. Keep the transmission lines neat and regular to minimize unnecessary electromagnetic coupling.Conclusions Based on the above results, we can improve the understanding of electromagnetic coupling in the wave transmission of PFN-Marx generator, so as to avoid partial electromagnetic coupling in design and improve the square wave output ability of PFN-Marx generator. This paper can provide technical reference for the development of quasi-square wave technology and compact technology of PFN-Marx generator. -
图 2 单级PFN中矩形铜带的位置的示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the position of copper strips in a single-stage PFN
图 3 有限长铜带线外一点的磁场强度
Figure 3. Magnetic field intensity at an external point of a finite-length copper strip
图 5 场路协同仿真的电路部分的示意图
Figure 5. The diagram of the electric circuit of the field-circuit simulation
图 7 三种间距的仿真结果的负载波形
Figure 7. The simulation results of the load voltage waveform under three distance conditions
图 8 短路放电时负载上电流振荡波形
Figure 8. Oscillating current waveform of the load during short-circuit discharge
图 11 三种距离的PFN-Marx的负载波形对比
Figure 11. The experimental results of the load voltage waveform under three distance conditions
表 1 理论计算、仿真及实验结果对应的PFN参数
Table 1. PFN parameters corresponding to theoretical calculations, simulations, and experimental results
inductance of PFN/nH corresponding pulse width/ns distance of 5 mm distance of 15 mm distance of 25 mm distance of 5 mm distance of 15 mm distance of 25 mm theory 184 221 248 245 263 271 simulation 195 225 252 250 266 275 experiment 176 211 247 240 260 270 
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