强光磁试验装置高压固态调制器研制及建模分析

邓天白; 江波; 沈显顺; 陶骏; 李志朋

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250364

强光磁试验装置高压固态调制器研制及建模分析

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250364

邓天白^{1, 2,},
江波²,
沈显顺^1, ,,
陶骏^{1, 2},
李志朋¹

1.
安徽大学强光磁科学中心，合肥 230026
2.
安徽大学电气工程与自动化学院，合肥 230026

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(52407155)；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2025M770909）；强光磁试验装置建设项目（Z010111095）

详细信息

作者简介:
邓天白，dengtianbai@ahu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
沈显顺，xsshen@ahu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TN787
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- 文章访问数: 45
- HTML全文浏览量: 26
- PDF下载量: 14
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-10-24
- 修回日期: 2026-02-28
- 录用日期: 2026-02-09
- 网络出版日期: 2026-03-28

Development and modeling analysis of high-voltage solid-state modulator for the Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field device

Deng Tianbai^{1, 2
,},
Jiang Bo²,
Shen Xianshun^{1
, ,},
Tao Jun^{1, 2},
Li Zhipeng¹

1.
Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Anhui University, Hefei 230026, China
2.
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Anhui University, Hefei 230026, China

摘要

摘要: 强光磁试验装置将自由电子激光、强磁场、极低温环境进行集成，为多学科前沿研究提供重要的实验支撑。本文围绕强光磁试验装置自由电子激光-微波功率源系统展开研究，重点阐述了输出参数为310 kV、320 A、10 µs脉宽、10 Hz重频的固态高压调制器研制及精细化建模工作，根据装置参数需求，确定基于感应叠加原理的固态脉冲调制器拓扑结构，完成调制器系统的放电单元方案设计，并选定分数比脉冲变压器方案，以实现1:345的升压比。为支撑系统参数优化及性能分析，对调制器拓扑进行了电路-磁路的精细化建模，包括模块化放电单元建模、基于磁阻模型的分数比脉冲变压器建模以及速调管建模。为验证模型准确性，开展了假负载实验及速调管实验，结果显示实验测试波形与仿真波形在脉冲前沿、平顶阶段拟合良好，波形基本重合，初步验证了模型的准确性，为后续对调制器系统以及速调管的深入研究奠定基础。
- 微波功率源系统 /
- 固态调制器 /
- 速调管 /
- 分数比脉冲变压器 /
- 磁阻模型
Abstract: Background
The integration of free-electron laser, strong magnetic field, and ultralow-temperature environments is a core direction of multi-disciplinary frontier research. As the key component of the free-electron laser-microwave power source system, solid-state high-voltage modulators directly determine the performance and operational stability of the Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field Device.
Purpose
This study aims to develop a high-voltage solid-state modulator that meets the parameter requirements of the Device, establish a refined circuit-magnetic circuit model for its topology, and verify the model’s accuracy to support subsequent research on the modulator system and klystrons.
Methods
Guided by the Device’s specifications, the modulator topology was determined based on the inductive superposition principle. The discharge unit scheme was designed, and a fractional-ratio pulse transformer was selected to achieve a 1:345 voltage boost ratio. A refined model was constructed, including modular discharge unit modeling, fractional-ratio pulse transformer modeling based on magnetic reluctance theory, and klystron modeling. Dummy load experiments and klystron load tests were conducted to validate the model.
Results
The fabricated modulator achieves the designed parameters of 310 kV, 320 A, 10 μs pulse width, and 10 Hz repetition frequency. Experimental and simulated waveforms show excellent agreement in the pulse leading edge and flat-top regions, with nearly complete overlap, which initially verifies the model’s accuracy.
Conclusions
The developed modulator meets the operational requirements of the Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field Device, and the established refined model exhibits high reliability. This work lays a solid foundation for in-depth research on the modulator system and klystrons, and provides essential experimental support for multi-disciplinary frontier studies relying on the Device.
- microwave power source system /
- solid-state modulator /
- klystron /
- fractional-ratio pulse transformer /
- magnetic reluctance model

HTML全文

图 1 强光磁试验装置微波及功率源系统示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of microwave power source system

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图 2 固态调制器系统拓扑图

Figure 2. Topology diagram of solid-state modulator system

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图 3 放电机箱及分数比变压器结构图

Figure 3. Discharge unit cabinet and fractional-ratio transformer structure

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图 4 R-L并联补偿网络简化等效电路

Figure 4. Simplified equivalent circuit of R-L parallel compensation network

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图 5 基于磁阻模型的固态调制器系统建模

Figure 5. System modeling of solid-state modulators based on magnetoresistive models

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图 6 调制器无感水负载实验波形

Figure 6. Modulator water load experimental waveform

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图 7 调制器与速调管现场试验图

Figure 7. Field test photos of modulator and klystron

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图 8 水负载及速调管负载实验波形与仿真波形对比

Figure 8. Comparison between experimental and simulated waveforms for klystron load and water load

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图 9 不同电压等级下速调管负载实验波形与仿真波形对比

Figure 9. Comparison of Experimental and Simulation Waveforms of Klystron Load under Different Voltage Levels

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表 1 设计参数及实验数据

Table 1. Design parameters and experimental data

	pulse voltage/kV	pulse current/A	repetition rate/Hz	pulse width/$ \text{μs} $	flat-top flatness	rise time (10%-90%)/$ \text{μs} $	fall time (90%-10%)/$ \text{μs} $	pulse Stability	rising edge jitter
design parameters	−310	−320	10	10	$ {\leqslant \pm 0.25{{{\text{%}} }} } $	$ {\leqslant 2{\text{ μs}}} $	$ {\leqslant 2.5{\text{ μs}}} $	$ {0.08{{{\text{%}} }} } $	$ {\leqslant \pm 5\;{\rm{ns}}} $
test data	−312.8	−323	10	10	$ {\pm 0.25{{{\text{%}} }} } $	1.78$ {{\text{ μs}}} $	1.56$ {{\text{ μs}}} $	$ {0.075{{{\text{%}} }} } $	$ {\pm 3.7\;{\rm{ns}}}({{\rm{p}}-{\rm{p}}}) $

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表 2 水负载及速调管负载实验波形数据与仿真实验数据

Table 2. Klystron output and simulated output experimental data

	pulse voltage/kV	pulse current/A	rise time (10%～90%)/$ \text{μs} $	fall time (90%～10%)/$ \text{μs} $	flap top pulse duration/$ \text{μs} $	flat-top flatness/%
water load	299.8	300.9	1.58	1.82	10.5	≤±0.25
simulation with water load	301.3	299.5	1.56	2.01	10.46	≤±0.28
klystron load	299.94	309.7	1.829	1.78	9.33	≤±0.33
simulation with klystron load	300	311.3	1.8	1.94	9.3	≤±0.3
klystron load	280.1	306.5	1.61	1.8	9.26	≤±0.27
simulation with klystron load	278.96	303.8	1.63	1.93	9.2	≤±0.3
klystron load	262.5	286.1	1.54	1.71	9.54	≤±0.35
simulation with klystron load	263.47	285.3	1.56	2.01	9.49	≤±0.33

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