Elimination of electrostatic adhesion between the separators of lithium battery electrode sheets through corona discharge ionic wind
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摘要: 为了探究离子风消除锂电池极片与隔膜间静电粘连的效果，基于COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场仿真平台，构建了电-流-粒子耦合数值模型。该模型采用顺序耦合方法，系统整合了电晕放电、湍流、流体流动与颗粒追踪以及静电等物理场，可精确模拟电晕放电、离子风产生、颗粒输运及静电中和的全过程。通过仿真分析得出：在10 kV、13 kV、15 kV电压下，通过电晕放电产生离子风，速度分别可达0.089 m/s、0.65 m/s、1.97 m/s，通过离子风推动荷电颗粒向预设极性相反的面电荷极片运动，实现静电中和。在放电时间20 s内，极片上正电荷量由1 μC分别降低至0.851 μC、0.789 μC、0.770 μC，负电荷量由−1 μC分别降低至−0.872 μC、−0.800 μC、−0.782 μC，两极片间的静电吸附力由0.127 N分别降低至0.093 N、0.079 N、0.076 N。上述数据表明，离子风可有效消除极片与隔膜间的静电粘连，且静电吸附力随放电电压升高呈显著减小趋势，后续可通过提升放电电压、延长放电时间进一步实现静电完全消除。Abstract:
Background The rapid growth of the new energy vehicle industry has led to a surge in retired lithium-ion batteries. Efficient separation of electrode sheets and separators is crucial for high-quality material recovery, yet electrostatic adhesion formed during long-term storage significantly hinders this process. Existing mechanical and chemical separation methods suffer from material damage, high cost, or environmental risks, creating a demand for cleaner and more efficient technologies.Purpose This study investigates a non-contact electrostatic elimination method based on ion wind and evaluates its effectiveness in reducing electrostatic adhesion between electrode sheets and separators in lithium battery recycling.Methods An electro-hydrodynamic–particle coupled numerical model was established using a sequential multiphysics coupling strategy. The model integrates corona discharge, turbulence, fluid flow, particle tracking, and electrostatic field interactions. Simulations were conducted at applied voltages of 10 kV, 13 kV, and 15 kV with a discharge duration of 20 s to analyze ion wind velocity, particle migration, surface charge decay, and electrostatic attraction force.Results Ionic wind velocities reached 0.089 m/s, 0.65 m/s, and 1.97 m/s at 10 kV, 13 kV, and 15 kV, respectively. The generated ion wind transported charged particles toward oppositely charged electrode sheets, promoting charge neutralization. Within 20 s, the positive surface charge decreased from 1 μC to 0.851 μC, 0.789 μC, and 0.770 μC, while the negative charge decreased from −1 μC to −0.872 μC, −0.800 μC, and −0.782 μC. The electrostatic attraction force correspondingly declined from 0.127 N to 0.093 N, 0.079 N, and 0.076 N.Conclusions Ionic wind generated by corona discharge effectively reduces electrostatic adhesion between electrode sheets and separators, and its neutralization performance improves with increasing discharge voltage. The findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing electrostatic control in lithium battery recycling processes. -
图 5 不同电压下正负离子电荷密度分布对比图
Figure 5. Comparison chart of positive and negative ion charge density distribution at different voltages
图 8 极片间电势、电场分布图
Figure 8. Distribution map of electric potential and electric field between the plates
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