Development of the magnetically saturated transformer pulse source based on DSRD
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摘要: 漂移阶跃恢复二极管（DSRD）因其快恢复特性和稳定运行能力，在高功率半导体断路器件领域受到广泛关注。针对磁饱和变压器型DSRD脉冲源中参数耦合复杂、设计依据不够明确的问题，本文研究了一种基于DSRD的磁饱和变压器脉冲源电路拓扑。首先分析了DSRD的工作原理，结合磁饱和变压器的升压与磁饱和特性设计了泵浦电路。基于磁饱和变压器及LC谐振过程的经典模型，对磁饱和时间、次级电流变化率和峰值电流等关键参数进行了定性分析与定量计算，确定实验样机的参数范围。在此基础上，通过电路仿真与样机实验，系统分析了变压器匝比、磁芯截面积、初次级电容及磁芯材料对脉冲输出特性的影响。实验结果表明，在前级充电电压为700 V、负载为75 Ω条件下，该脉冲源获得幅值约15.9 kV、前沿约11.7 ns的高压脉冲输出，并可在1 kHz重复频率下稳定运行。研究结果为磁饱和变压器型DSRD脉冲源的参数选取与紧凑化实现提供了工程参考。Abstract:
Background Drift step recovery diodes are widely applied as high power semiconductor opening switches due to their fast recovery behavior and stable operation. When combined with magnetically saturated transformers, they provide an effective solution for generating high voltage nanosecond pulses. However, the pulse formation process is jointly influenced by magnetic saturation, resonant behavior, and circuit parameters, which increases the difficulty of parameter selection and compact implementation.Purpose This study aims to investigate a DSRD based magnetically saturated transformer pulse source and to clarify the role of key parameters in the pulse formation process. The objective is to establish a practical parameter design approach that supports compact structure, high repetition operation, and stable output performance.Methods The operating principle of the DSRD is first analyzed, and a pumping circuit is designed by combining the device characteristics with the boosting and magnetic saturation properties of the transformer. Based on classical models of magnetically saturated transformers and LC resonance, the relationships among saturation time, secondary current rise rate, and peak current are analyzed qualitatively and calculated quantitatively. These calculations are used to determine the parameter range of the experimental prototype. Circuit simulations are carried out under a repetition frequency of 1 kHz to verify the feasibility of the proposed topology and parameter configuration. Experimental investigations are then conducted to study the influence of transformer turns ratio, core cross sectional area, primary and secondary capacitances, and core material on the pulse output characteristics.Results The experimental results show that, with a charging voltage of 700 V, the developed pulse source generates a high voltage pulse with an amplitude of approximately 15.9 kV and a rise time of about 11.7 ns across a 75 Ω resistive load. Stable operation is achieved at a repetition frequency of 1 kHz. The experimental observations are consistent with theoretical analysis and simulation results.Conclusions The proposed analysis and design approach provides practical guidance for parameter selection in DSRD based magnetically saturated transformer pulse sources. The results support compact implementation and reliable operation under high repetition conditions, and offer reference for further optimization of high voltage nanosecond pulse systems. -
图 2 基于DSRD的磁饱和变压器脉冲源电路原理图
Figure 2. circuit schematic of a magnetic saturation transformer pulse source circuit based on DSRD
图 5 基于DSRD的磁饱和变压器脉冲源实验系统
Figure 5. experimental system of DSRD-based magnetic saturation transformer pulse source
图 6 不同变压器匝比的次级电流波形图
Figure 6. secondary current waveforms under different transformer turns ratios
图 7 不同磁芯截面积的次级电流波形图
Figure 7. secondary current waveforms with different core cross-sectional areas
图 8 不同初次级电容的次级电流波形图
Figure 8. secondary current waveforms with different primary and secondary capacitances
图 9 不同磁芯材料实验的次级电流波形图
Figure 9. Secondary current waveform diagram of different magnetic core materials
图 10 DSRD脉冲源仿真模型及结果
Figure 10. Simulation model and result of the DSRD pulse generator
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