W波段混合高阶模准椭圆波导滤波器研究

W-band waveguide filters using hybrid higher-order modes for quasi-elliptic response

  • 摘要: W波段是重要的窗口频段,在高容量通信、高分辨率成像和高精度探测等毫米波领域具有重要前沿应用价值。针对新一代W波段固态高集成收发机系统的应用需求,提出一款低损耗、低阶数、易加工的波导型准椭圆带通滤波器。该滤波器基于2个混合高阶谐振腔,结合偏移磁耦合方法,实现带两个传输零点的4阶准椭圆响应,带外抑制性能良好。主要内容包括:W波段混合高阶模滤波器的结构拓扑设计;混合谐振模式(TE201/TE102和TE301/TE102)与传输零点产生机理与独立性分析;错位偏移磁耦合结构特征;滤波器整体性能优化及其H面分裂式CNC加工等。实测结果表明,该滤波器的有效通带为91.5 GHz至98 GHz,3 dB相对带宽为7%,带内插入损耗低至0.4 dB,回波损耗优于15 dB。除高频边带有少量偏移外,实测结果与仿真结果高度一致,验证了该器件的易加工、易集成与易频率拓展等特点。

     

    Abstract:
    Background
    The W-band constitutes a critical atmospheric window in the millimeter-wave spectrum, with significant importance for advanced applications such as high-capacity communications, high-resolution imaging, and high-precision sensing. As essential components within core millimeter-wave transmitter and receiver systems, filters fundamentally determine transceiver performance. However, conventional designs frequently face challenges in simultaneously achieving high electrical performance and favorable manufacturability, representing a key obstacle in contemporary W-band filter development.
    Purpose
    This work aims to develop a low-loss, low-order, and readily fabricable waveguide quasi-elliptic bandpass filter for the W-band. The goal is to maximize structural simplicity while maintaining high performance, thereby addressing the requirements of next-generation highly integrated transceiver systems.
    Methods
    The proposed filter employs a novel H-plane offset magnetic coupling configuration, which simplifies the input–output coupling mechanism. Guided by quasi-elliptic filtering theory, transmission zeros are generated on both sides of the passband through the excitation of TE201/TE102 and TE301/TE102 hybrid modes in two respective resonant cavities, resulting in enhanced out-of-band suppression. The filter is implemented in a split-block architecture and fabricated via high-precision computer numerical control (CNC) milling.
    Results
    Measured results demonstrate an operational passband from 91.5 GHz to 98 GHz, corresponding to a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 7%, with an in-band insertion loss as low as 0.4 dB and a return loss greater than 15 dB. Except for a slight deviation observed at the upper band edge, the experimental data show strong agreement with simulation, confirming the design’s manufacturability, integration compatibility, and high-frequency performance.
    Conclusions
    A compact, low-loss W-band quasi-elliptic filter has been successfully realized using only two hybrid-mode cavities. The presented design exhibits notable advantages in terms of fabrication ease, integration suitability, and electrical performance, providing a viable solution for advanced millimeter-wave system applications.

     

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