Abstract: This paper focuses on the element doping technology of low-density polymer foams for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments and summarizes their research status and development trends. As key target materials for ICF, low-density polymer foams can optimize radiation transport, suppress hydrodynamic instability, and achieve diagnostic functions by introducing doping elements such as chlorine, argon, and germanium. The paper systematically analyzes the principles, advantages, disadvantages, and application bottlenecks of two major types of doping technologies: physical doping (particle dispersion, physical vapor deposition) and chemical doping (copolymerization, monomer functionalization, polymer substitution), with an emphasis on core issues such as uniformity control and doping precision. Finally, it discusses cutting-edge directions including composite doping, two-photon polymerization, and ion implantation, providing technical references for the high-performance and precise preparation of ICF target materials and facilitating the development of high-repetition-rate ICF experiments.